Problem Based Learning in Medical Education Essay

Issue Based Learning in Medical Education - Essay Example The issue put together learning procedure is based with respect to grown-up learning hypothesis, as per which the human engrossing abilities can be improved by shuffling their brains and ideas, which can be accomplish by allowing them to deal with and examine issues. Besides, the understudies are urged to check their own learning objectives, the extent of objectives get expand with experience dangerous circumstances, the dynamic capacities can be improved by execution of program based learning, the dynamic exercises further upgrade their learning, and their basic and explanatory methodology towards the issue. In spite of the fact that Problem Based Learning is creative and useful exercise, 'anyway PBL doesn't offer an all inclusive panacea for educating and learning in medication, and it has a few very much perceived detriments' (Diana F Wood., ABC of learning and instructing in medication: Problem based learning). It has been seen that those understudies who have learned through iss ue based exercises have better information maintenance.

Emerging Technology in Solar Energy Research Paper

Rising Technology in Solar Energy - Research Paper Example Sun oriented vitality has been utilized towards giving warmth and light in various pieces of the world by utilizing numerous methods. These innovations are ever-developing and are utilized in assortment of techniques from creating power, warm vitality, design, fake photosynthesis, sunlight based photovoltaic and warming. Every one of these innovations are additionally separated into the detached or dynamic sun based advances relying upon their use of daylight from catching it to circulating it in specific manners. Dynamic sun based methodology consolidate the usage of photovoltaic sheets and thermalcollecting strategies to contain the sun powered vitality. Inactive sun based techniques incorporate turning a structure to the Sun, choosing materials with great warm mass or light dissipating properties, and plotting spaces that distinctively circle air. Developing Technologies in Active Solar Energy By the very substance of the word, Solar, the usage of Sunlight towards creating power through concentrated sun based force (CSP) or photovoltaic (PV) is among the quickly developing innovation of the time. Both of the innovations utilize a different strategy towards the gathering of power. In Concentrated Solar Power framework, the sun pillars are gathered towards a little or a huge zone and afterward engaged towards one territory where the daylight is changed over into electric flow through photovoltaic impact.

Internal and External Security for The Holiday Inn Online Reservation System

Presentation A lodging reservation framework is an online strategy for booking lodgings; the individuals booking the rooms, who much of the time are voyagers and sightseers, regularly do as such by methods for an online security framework to ensure their money related data and other private details.Advertising We will compose a custom evaluation test on Internal and External Security for The Holiday Inn Online Reservation System explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Online reservations have various advantages: they spare explorers time and assets, and they can book from anyplace and whenever, if they can approach the Internet (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005). Albeit a lodging reservation framework is very useful, it very well may be influenced by inward and outside security issues. The extent of this paper is to look at the security issues influencing the lodging reservation framework at the Holiday Inn. The paper additionally plots the systems, which Holida y Inn can use to deal with its security issues. Protection Issues at Holiday Inn’s There are various security issues, both inward and outside, which clients of the application framework can understanding as they book for inn reservations. The booking framework utilized at the Holiday Inn depends on lodging the board programming, which is inclined to various protection issues because of the way that it utilizes the web. The inside issues include dangers spread by malevolent clients, who generally originate from inside the association, while the outer ones involve dangers, for example, viruses,which are started by pariahs. Such genuine inward and outer protection issues can cause the association to lose the vast majority of its clients; subsequently, it is imperative to set up all the fundamental safety efforts to deflect any security issues (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005). The conceivable inward protection dangers that may happen to clients who make their appointment s utilizing the online reservation framework at the Holiday Inn include: pernicious clients and fraudsters. Pernicious clients allude to people who break into the organization’s PCs without due authorization from its organization division. Malignant clients are predominantly insiders who can figure out how to gain admittance to the organization’s IT framework because of the web, which offers an expansive availability of the hotel’s booking framework. Malevolent clients endeavor to break into the data arrangement of the association nearly every day. The harms brought about by such clients, when they figure out how to break into the hotel’s framework, are weighty to the association just as to its clients (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005).Advertising Looking for appraisal on it? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fraud or robbery is another inward risk to the protection of the clients who apply fo r reservations at the inn utilizing its online application framework. Occasion Inn’s PC frameworks are now and again misused by fraudsters, because of the computerization of the prior conventional false strategies. Such misrepresentation happens predominantly when deceptive representatives use PCs to coast modest quantities of cash from records of client who make enormous stores. During such extortion, the money related data having a place with the hotel’s clients is put at high hazard, as it tends to be gotten to by the fraudsters; subsequently, such interior dangers meddle with the security of the clients by uncovering their budgetary data (Tesone, 2006). Aside from the inward dangers, the booking framework utilized at the Holiday Inn is similarly presented to outside dangers, which are brought about by programmers and infections. Programmers are remote clients who can get to the hotel’s data framework without approval from its administration. Programmers have savvy strategies, which they use to sidestep firewalls, encryption, channels, and other safety efforts introduced by the association to defend its data framework. They center around the systems of the association to access data that they know is important, however intensely watched. On the off chance that programmers access the hotel’s IT framework, they can meddle with the customers’ individual and money related data (Tesone, 2006). The second outside risk to the security of the customers’ data is the presence of infections in the hotel’s data and innovation framework. Infections are programs that can hurt the organization’s IT framework by freezing or erasing significant data from its PCs. Infections gain section into PCs through tainted versatile circles, email connections and shared nearby systems. When infections assault the organization’s arrange framework, it can lose all or the majority of the significant records, including individu al subtleties and money related data of the clients (Tesone, 2006). Dangers †Internal and External Computer dangers, which incorporate interior and outer assaults, can meddle with the equipment that is utilized to store indispensable assets of the association; therefore, such dangers can cause the association genuine equipment and programming misfortunes. Inward dangers allude to assaults that are started by insiders of a firm, who for the most part involve despondent and untrustworthy staff.Advertising We will compose a custom evaluation test on Internal and External Security for The Holiday Inn Online Reservation System explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most representatives who need become inner assailants can without much of a stretch access the organization’s data innovation (IT) framework; accordingly, they can coverup their tracks by making the dangers imperceptible. The circumstance can deteriorate if such workers have authoritative privileges of section into the organization’s IT framework. Because of interior dangers, the association can lose urgent records that are significant in doing significant business activities (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005). On the other hand, outside dangers are done by assailants who are not representatives of the association. Most outside aggressors are noxious clients who do the assaults by accessing the organization’s systems without the help of the representatives. Outer dangers are completed by filtering and gathering information with the aim of making harm it. Outside dangers are for the most part identified through thouroughly investigating all the firewall logs that exist in the IT framework (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005). Outside dangers are separated into two classes: organized and unstructured sorts. Organized outside dangers are completed by individuals whose principle goal is to harm significant data concerning the association, its representa tives and its demographic. The primary motivations behind organized outside dangers are fear based oppression, governmental issues, avarice, and racial narrow mindedness. These aggressors contain individuals who are profoundly gifted in state-of-the-art arrange assault strategies, which they use to access an organization’s framework. An unstructured outside danger is practically like an organized one just that it is typically done by incompetent aggressors, whose inspiration is to pick up acclaim by endeavoring to hack into sites of either people or associations (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005). Security Procedures Against Privacy Threats There are various methods and assets inside the association that should be ensured against organize dangers. The assets incorporate spywares, inventories, and passwords. Spyware alludes to PC programming planned so that it can gather users’ individual data or change the users’ PC settings without their assent. Spyware applications are transmitted into an organization’s PC through a tainted document, which is typically downloaded from a site. A PC can be ensured against spyware by introducing an enemy of spyware application. Hostile to spyware applications filters document downloads to guarantee that none of the records contain such dangers (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005).Advertising Searching for evaluation on it? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Stock is another asset inside the association that needs security against dangers. There are two kinds of inventories in the association: programming stock and system stock. The two inventories can be secured by introducing Lansweeper into the organization’s PCs and the whole IT framework. Lansweeper, when introduced into the framework, empowers stock programming to distinguish the applications introduced on the framework, and finds out when the establishments ought to occur. Lansweeper additionally empowers arrange stock to identify equipment apparatuses introduced on the organization’s PCs. Systems upheld by Lansweeper likewise examine windows gadgets and different machines, for example, IP empowered gadgets (Nyheim, McFadden, Connolly, Paiva, 2005). In conclusion, passwords can likewise be utilized to secure the assets, which are kept in the organization’s PC frameworks. Passwords involve words or numbers that are just known to the client and which they use to get to their PC. Passwords are utilized to upgrade framework security and client protection by keeping unapproved individuals from accessing PCs. The utilization of passwords additionally assists with forestalling unapproved activities, which bargain the security of the IT framework. Passwords likewise help IT the board staff to shield the framework from unapproved exposure or unapproved change of the information kept in the framework (Tesone, 2006). End The paper discusses the security and protection issues influencing the lodging reservation framework at the Holiday Inn. The security issues are brought about by interior elements, for example,

12 requisitos para patrocinio de visa niñera para EE.UU

Trabajar como nià ±era (au pair) en Estados Unidos requiere seguir unas directrices estrictas establecidas por el gobierno para sacar la visa J-1 para ese programa especà ­fico. Ademà ¡s, las agencias autorizadas para contratar extranjeros para esa posicià ³n pueden establecer sus propias preferencias. En este artà ­culo se informa sobre los requisitos legales y tambià ©n sobre los que habitualmente piden las agencias autorizadas para contratar. Ademà ¡s, se mencionan otras programas alternativos pensados para jà ³venes extranjeros que quieren pasar una temporada corta en Estados Unidos aprendiendo inglà ©s y disfrutando la experiencia americana. Puntos clave La visa para nià ±eras extranjeras es la J-1, programa de au-pairSolamente agencias autorizadas por el gobierno de EE.UU. pueden patrocinar la visaAunque se habla de nià ±era, lo cierto es que se puede ser mujer o varà ³nEl tiempo mà ­nimo de estancia en EE.UU. es de un aà ±o y el mà ¡ximo de 2. 8 requisitos legales de visa J-1 para trabajar de nià ±era en EE.UU. Para poder aplicar con à ©xito para una visa J-1 en el programa especà ­fico para nià ±eras es obligatorio cumplir con requisitos de edad, estudios y experiencia. Los principales son los ocho siguientes: Tener entre 18 y 26 aà ±os de edad, gozar de buena salud, no tener rà ©cord criminal y haber completado, como mà ­nimo, los estudios de secundaria. Ademà ¡s, es necesario poder demostrar experiencia de al menos 200 horas de trabajo cuidando nià ±os. La manera de probarlo admite muchas variantes, desde haber trabajado en una escuela o guarderà ­a a tener muchos hermanos pequeà ±os o participar como voluntario en campamentos infantiles, escuelas dominicales, etc. Tambià ©n se exige no haber estado previamente en Estados Unidos como au pair, es decir, nià ±era. Asimismo, es necesario entender y hablar, como mà ­nimo, un inglà ©s de nivel intermedio. Finalmente, las reglas de esta visa exige a los candidatos comprometerse a vivir con una familia estadounidense un mà ­nimo de un aà ±o. Este periodo se puede extender por tres, seis o doce meses. 4 requisitos de las agencias para patrocinar la visa de nià ±era Estos requisitos son obligatorios, desde un punto de vista legal, pero lo cierto es que para las agencias es mucho mà ¡s fà ¡cil colocar en una familia a una au pair que los reà ºna y, por lo tanto, suelen pedirlos. Entre los mà ¡s frecuentes destacan los siguientes: En primer lugar, ser mujer. Es un hecho, las familias prefieren a una muchacha antes que a un varà ³n para trabajar en sus casas cuidando de los nià ±os. En segundo lugar, tener licencia de manejar. Hay que tener en cuenta que en muchà ­simos lugares de Estados Unidos el transporte pà ºblico puede ser inexistente y que las distancias son enormes. Facilita mucho la contratacià ³n el saber que una persona sabe manejar. En tercer lugar, ser flexible en cuanto al à ¡rea geogrà ¡fica en la que se quiere vivir y tambià ©n en relacià ³n al nà ºmero de hijos que debe tener la familia de acogida. Una au pair que quiera ser contratada en zonas muy populares como California o Nueva York y en casas con un sà ³lo menor puede tener mà ¡s dificultades a la hora de encontrar una familia. Y, en cuarto lugar, no fumar. Estos son los Estados Unidos de Amà ©rica. Va a ser realmente difà ­cil y tomarà ¡ su tiempo antes de que se encuentre a una familia dispuesta a contratar a una nià ±era fumadora. A tener muy en cuenta para evitar problemas migratorios Para los extranjeros sin papeles para trabajar en EE.UU. sà ³lo es posible pasar una temporada como au pair en Estados Unidos participando en el programa a travà ©s de agencias autorizadas por el gobierno. Si hay una familia dispuesta a patrocinar a una extranjera como nià ±era, la familia deberà ¡ hablar con una agencia autorizada para patrocinar visas J-1 de au-pair y el papeleo debe hacerse a travà ©s de ellas. En otras palabras, una familia estadounidense no puede patrocinar directamente una visa J-1 de esta categorà ­a. Para asegurarse de que se trata con una agencia legà ­tima y que no se està ¡ ante un caso de fraude, se recomienda verificar que està ¡ incluida en el listado de la pà ¡gina oficial del Departamento de Estado para estos efectos. Si es una agencia ubicada en fuera de los Estados Unidos, verificar para quà © agencia autorizada en Estados Unidos està ¡ trabajando. Las au pairs recibirà ¡n una visa J, que son de intercambio. Deberà ¡n respetar sus caracterà ­sticas generales que aplican a todos los programas incluidos en esa categorà ­a de visa.   Ademà ¡s, para recibir la visa no es suficiente con tener en mano la oferta de la familia y la intervencià ³n de la agencia autorizada. Si se es inelegible o inadmisible para recibir la visa, la peticià ³n de esta serà ¡ negada por el oficial consular. Por à ºltimo, se recomienda encarecidamente no mentir sobre los conocimientos de inglà ©s. En el momento de la entrevista en la Embajada o consulado se determinarà ¡ si realmente se tiene el nivel de inglà ©s requerido. Si no se tiene, la visa serà ¡ denegada, el dinero de la aplicacià ³n no se regresa y la mentira quedarà ¡ en el rà ©cord de la solicitante para las autoridades consulares y migratorias de Estados Unidos. Opciones a la visa de nià ±era Los jà ³venes de otros paà ­ses que desean pasar una temporada en Estados Unidos trabajando y aprendiendo inglà ©s pueden optar a distintos tipos de programas dentro de la categorà ­a de visas J-1, por ejemplo: Prà ¡cticas o pasantà ­as en una ONG.Estudiante de high school durante un aà ±o acadà ©mico completoPrà ¡cticas profesionalesVisa para trabajar y viajar en veranoTrabajo en un Summer Camp  como staff de un campamento de verano. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

The Role Of Media Attitudes And Perceptions Of Muslims And...

Introduction: A. Problem Statement: To analyze and assess the role of media in the shaping of attitudes and perceptions of Muslims and Islam. As well as, identifying how these framings, specifically from Western media, can incite feelings of fear and hatred towards Muslims and Islam. B. Population/ Area of Focus: Young Adults and Adults with access to broadcast and internet media Thesis Statement: Due to limited exposure to Islam and the Muslim lifestyle and a narrow scope of news reporting there is an ever increasing trend of Islamophobia affecting many individuals throughout many different countries. Literature Review: Trevino, Kanso, Nelson (2010) examined three major newspapers, the New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and Washington Post, for content analysis to establish if Muslims were portrayed negatively in print media post 9/11. They found that newspaper portrayals of Muslims prior to September 11, 2001, in fact, did differ from the portrayals post September 11, 2001. Most references to Muslims, in both cases, were largely unfavorable, but there was an increase in neutral references and a decrease in favorable references. Journalists in this given opportunity did not show any particular bias while reporting, but it was found that all three newspapers had a high percentage of unfavorable terms when it came to reports involving Muslims. Some of the most recycled terms were: terror/terrorist/terrorism, extremist/extremism, fundamentalist/fundamentalism,Show MoreRelatedMedia s Portrayal Of Islamic Extremists During The Middle East1178 Words   |  5 Pageshave not yet subsided. Americans receiv e information regarding Islamic extremists through the media, from which they form opinions on what the U.S.’s foreign policy with the Middle East should be, which affects military spending. To what extent has the media’s portrayal of Islamic extremists affected U.S. military spending and relations with the Middle East? Social and cultural aspects play a significant role in the media’s unflattering depiction of Islamic extremists, which correlates directly to militaryRead MoreIslamophobia: Muslims and Terrorism1162 Words   |  5 PagesAfter 9/11 has induced negative attitudes towards Muslim peoples who tend to be strongly associated with any act of terrorism. The media has played a colossal role in developing such negative association wherein it constantly portrays Muslim people in combination with violent terrorist acts. It does so in a way that they both go hand-and-hand. In other words, it has made it as though the Islamic religion is synonymous with terrorism. The media has perpetuated Muslim stereotypes over the years thatRead MoreIslamic Cultural History1076 Words   |  5 Pagesyears, carrying out multiple attacks a month in 2013 (BBC 2). After growing in strength under Baghdadi, the Islamic State captured multiple cities in Iraq, including Tikrit, Fallujah, and Mosul in 2014. This marked the beginning of widespread western media coverage of the group and their brutal displays of violence. Following global condemnation, an airstrike campaign was waged against the terror group beginning in August of 2014. Shortly after, on August 19th, the Islamic State released the now infamousRead MorePrejudiced Media Portrayals Of Islam And Their Effects On Islamophobic Attitudes Among Adolescents2145 Words   |  9 PagesPrejudiced media portrayals of Islam and their effects on Islamophobic attitudes amongst adolescents The three potential research studies considered for my final year dissertation were as follows: 1) an exploration of the prejudiced media portrayals of Islam and its effects on Islamophobic attitudes amongst adolescents, 2) an examination of developmental cognitive neuroscience’s significance for the treatment and early detection of disorders, and 3) an assessment of the socio-cultural influencesRead MoreThe Middle East821 Words   |  4 PagesThe cover page of this TIME magazine, an issue of 1979 invoked purely the orientalist idea of the Middle East. It represented the faulty equation of Islam= Muslim= Arab= terrorist or religious fanatics. From the image of the magazine cover, a man dressed in the Middle-East attire can be seen standing on what looks like a balcony with the landscape of the Middle-East in the background. The image in the background presented the Middle East as underdeveloped in an effective manner. The image in theRead MoreCzech Republic And The European Union1745 Words   |  7 Pagesopenly become isolationist. â€Å"As the percentage of Muslim population in the country is tantamount to zero but Islamophobic feelings are gathering momentum and rising consistently†. According to the European Islamophobia Report states that Islamophobia is the dominant group of people who aim to seize, stabilize, and increase their power by means of a scapegoat, either invented or real. The rise of Islamophobia is driven by the political and media institutions, using securitization theory, that areRead MoreIdentity, Hegemony, And Played Through The Dynamics Of Swahili Giriama And Fractal Recursivity841 Words à ‚  |  4 Pagesfractal recursivity are intertwined and played through the dynamics of Swahili-Giriama bordered ethnoreligious interactions. The Giriama geographical, social, religious, and linguistic subordination to the Swahili Muslims is the framework to negotiate, resist or submit to the hegemonic Swahili Islam. First, through personhood, the Giriama frame their religious actions and relations with the Swahilis. Their actions are collective and caused by external powers, rather than individualistically bounded andRead MoreStereotypes And Their Formations, Use, And Practicality2014 Words   |  9 Pagesthink of Muslims, terrorism, warfare and chaos are the associative key terms that remain in their thoughts. Even with the coming of the 21st century, these mindsets have not been abandoned. Most people don’t realize how these concepts have become part of our lives – often using colonial history, literature, and the news as justification. As human beings, we naturally evaluate everything we come in contact with. What we see inwardly determines what we see outside ourselves; crucial to perception, thereforeRead MoreReligion Is The Idea Of Faith1530 Words   |  7 Pagesrelates to conflicts and wars fought in the name of religion. A good example is Islam religion. The main discussion issue in the U.S. Muslim community is the negative image Islam has in American, a question that resulted earlier even before 9/11. The terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001 in the US brought Islam religion into the national and international spotlight with an impeccable volume. Its effect on the Muslim community cannot be ignored. â€Å"When Al Qaeda movement, an Islamist militant networkRead MoreRacial Segregation And Discrimination Of African Americans1501 Words   |  7 Pageswith distrust and anger. Recent research suggests that certain racial identity attitudes and beliefs may influence how individuals experience racial discrimination (Seller, Morgan, Brown, 2001). In â€Å"Race and Arab Americans Before and After 9/11: From Invisible Citizens to Visible Subjects† authors Jamal and Naber state that before the attacks on the Twin Towers in New York City and the Pentagon, Arab and Muslim American were invisible and inferior in the spectrum of American culture but classified

Survey Results on Smoking in Oman - 974 Words

Intro Inhaling or tasting gases or fumes from burning chemicals like tobacco is known as smoking. Cigarette smoking is now becoming a big issue throughout the cosmos and particularly in Oman. Scientist and medical researchers say that the bullet from a cigarette contains more than 4000 deadly chemicals, which could have various toxic, mutagenic effects. The capacity and concentration of chemical elements can vary widely from one brand or type of coffin nail to another single. More or less of these chemicals are Methanol, Tar, Nicotine, and Vinyl Chloride. But think these chemicals are starting inside a human body, it will surely destroy the human body slowly until that someone drops dead and it wouldn’t be a peaceable one.†¦show more content†¦Even though smokers do ‘choose’ to smoke, the size to which these choices can validate the effects of their own wellness. An analysis of the empirical literature reveals a diversity of components—such as targ eted advertising, unequal dissemination of information about the health hazards of smoking and inequalities in smoking norms—that make the disadvantaged more likely to become smokers and less potential to stop successfully. The paper then considers a range of common tobacco control policies from the perspective of social justice. The social justice perspective developed here poses a challenge for policy-makers: on the one hand, social justice concerns strengthen the case for tobacco control policies because such policies disproportionately benefit the wellness of the disadvantaged. At the same time, all the same, we must be especially tender to any harms associated with such policies because such burdens, too, will come down largely on the disadvantaged. Looking at other researches, this research didn’t cover a wide region in the sultanate. It hardly hid a small sample in the MTC. The results weren’t really accurate. It didn’t show any threatening results that we should be mindful of. In America, however, Researchers said they were surprised and even embarrassed to find that smoking cigarettes apparently reduces the danger of breast malignant neoplastic disease amongShow MoreRelatedEmotional Intelligence Research Paper2131 Words   |  9 Pagescount: 1,553 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 2.0 Research Methodology †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 3.0 Results †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 4.0 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 15 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........ 16 Appendix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 17 Emotions Emotional Intelligence inRead MoreFactors Affecting the Buying Behaviour of Vlcc Products5809 Words   |  24 Pagesindustry and acquired the status of India’s largest health and beauty brand. 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Population Growth And Its Effect On Employment In Australia - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Population Growth And Its Effect On Employment In Australia. Answer: Background of the study Population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in the population. The Australia population has been having an upward trend in the census that has being conducted. The population increase half has been attributed to the immigration according to Ken Henry, the chairman of the National Australia Bank. The increased population stimulates economic growth, from small and simple quantities like increased labour force, which has improved the GDP to increased human capital ability of the population to innovate and create. Since the Sydney Olympics the Australia population has grown by 25 percent. The Australias population reached 23.7 million on 5th January 2015, according to Australia Bureau of Statistics. The Australia population has increased and the employment has been an issue for all the residents of Australia. The ageing bracket has increased in Australia while the young percentage in the population has been increasing in an upward trend. These indicate that the ageing percentage in the population have different preference for good and services. The labour to be provided in ageing is more official while the young person provides technical labour. The growth in the population has been contributed by an upward birth rate and immigration. The birth rate has been carried out by improved health facilities and medical education. This has lead to low death rate and thus an increased ageing bracket. The employment in Australia has paid workers who offer labour to business and get paid. The wage levels largely depend on the operation of demand and supply in labour market. The case of powerful labour include dentist, doctor and has a low supply where few can do the job the wage are high. The cases of less powerful labour include cleaners and have a high supply where most of the persons can attend to then the wages are low. The labour market has a weak, strong and ideal condition. The weak market condition there few job vacancies and those who can do the job are many. The strong market condition there are many job vacancies. The ideal both vacancies and those to fill exist. Statement of Problem Population growth in Australia is in an upward trend and opportunities for these populations are a matter to be addressed. When the opportunity are created the gender composition is to be addressed, males and females in these population should be given chances equally to allow gender equality. Employment schemes where part-time and full time on both genders should be addressed to allow growth of the economy. The growth in population should also view the creating opportunities and employments, food security, health facilities and infrastructures to the growing population. Research objectives This study had both general and specific objectives; General Objective The general objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of population in Australia and effect on employment Specific Objectives The study intends to achieve the following specific objectives To identify population growth and its effect on employment rate. To identify population growth and its effect on employment on the sex composition. To identify if the population growth affects unemployment rate. Hypothesis The study aimed at testing the following hypothesis question: H0: Employment on gender does not differ H1: Employment on gender differ H0: Employment on job class on gender does not differs H1: Employment on job class on gender differ H0: Employment ratio does not differs H1: Employment ratio differ Significance of the study The project finding will guide population schemes and employment schemes to improve the plan for the future population growth in years to come. The project finding will guide in identifying factors leading to population growth in Australia and allocation of resources. The study finding will guide in allocation of employment rate in males and females. The study will help in identifying the unemployment rate in Australia and the government role to this bracket of population. Introduction This chapter of the literature review views academic literature provide in the population growth in Australia and other region. The review also viewed effect of population growth on employment at Australia. Literature review Australian population is experiencing change in demography where proportions of old people are on rise while proportions of young are on decline (Robyn L., 2008). The government has started to impose policies which address issues of ageing population. With high number of aged person and low number of young person, the labour force is at risk of losing manpower. The Australia Bureau of Statistics (ABS, 2013) estimated the population to 23 million. The Australia bureau of statistics also made future estimations for the population based on different assumptions i.e. migration and birth. The estimated population could reach 41.5 million by 2061, and estimated to 53.6 million by 2101. The population of Australia has increased by double in the period of 50 years ago, which has been resulted to natural births and immigration. The natural births rate of growths yielding 42 percent of the population growth while 58 percent being attributed to immigration. Cities are characterized by high population which led to unemployment. The population increases and job opportunities are few. The factors which led to high unemployment rate are rural urban migration, improper or lack of government policies, mismanagement of population and urban bias (Ilegbinosa et ela, 2014). In order to improve employment rate and discourage unemployment there is need to review socio-economic organization, manage rural-urban migration, and invest in human capital and encouraging spirit of entrepreneurship. The Australia natural rate has been influenced by economical, political and social factors. More has been attributed to health science and medical facilities, improved standards of living and infrastructure according to Ken Henry (National Australia Bank, 2015) According to National Research Council (1986), the role of males and female in the household and occupations has impact on the natural growth of the population. The economic prospect of the population cost of living, community attribute and family size. The economy such as inflation and unemployment greatly influence population growth. The cost of living if it is high then people will maintain small family size to be in a position to provide to them. The community attributes also influences since some have two children while other more than two children. The migration rate is due to improved standards of living for economical, political and social factor. The initial policy of migration was populate or perish then after some time the policy was changed to skilled labour. The policy was changed to cater for the modernization that was changing in the industrial. The change in the population the ageing population has a higher expectancy in terms of health, transport, entertainment and diet methods. The young population tends to have different types of transport, health, dressing code and entertainment (Wiley, 2014) In the international labour review (2004), the growing population has local market for good and service. The production in the company calls for economy of scale. The production process will be cheaper in the production of more units as compared to fewer units since the maintenance is a constant value. The rise in the labour force in the Australia is effective by immigrants helps overcome shortage of skills. The growing population create job for the skilled and the unskilled in the population. The wages competition is improved compared oversee wages. Pauline M. Neil A. (2011) in their study population growth and change identified population growth as big challenge to social, economic, environment and infrastructure in cities and rural areas. In cities the major issue is affordable housing, employment, social amenities and political management which are threatened by growing population. Rural areas are faced by threat of ageing population, depopulation and threats to socio-economic pattern. Australia 12 million work as paid worker, where wage levels largely depend on the operation of demand and supply in the labour market. The other section is contributed by volunteers who give their services for free. In cleaning, cultivating and nursing the old. The unemployment has also been a challenge for most of the families. The part time job are those that offer job for given hours in a day. These people tend to rest the remaining hour as well as having fun thus spending much as compared to earned amount. This kind of the seasonal job tends to influence unemployment at certain durations of the year. In the journal of population research (2005), the unemployment is a issue of discussion by the government to cater for the growing population. Methodology John D. (2016) described descriptive statistics require one variable to conduct the study. It have three main importances which are explaining, validating and describing research findings. Descriptive statistics are used to describe behavior and characteristics of sample population. It involves measure of locations such mean median and mode and also measures of variation such range, minimum, maximum, standard deviation and quartile. Inferential statistics are used to test the data. The researcher mainly uses inferential statistics to test if there is a relationship between an outcome and intervention. The first step is to check the distribution of data under study (Decaro S., 2011). It includes hypothesis testing and estimation statistics. The data used in the study is secondary data obtained from Australian Bureau of Statistics. The population under study was Australian population, who are either employed or unemployed consisting of male and female. Simple random sampling was used to obtain a sample of 474. These sampling techniques give every object in the population equal chance of being in the sample. This gives a representative sample which is free from biases. The data was then entered in Excel software for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe the data and to answer research question. The variables under study were rate of employment, unemployment, composition of employment per gender and ratio of employment. Correlation is used to check statistical association between variables. The relations between the variables may be causal or not causal. Analysis of variance is statistical technique used to check differences among means and association between means. It also referred to Fisher analysis of variance which was used to improve t and z test which were only used for nominal categorical data test only. Results and findings Population changes The rate of natural growth has recorded an upward trend since 1981 but started to show a decline in September 2016. This indicates that there has been high birthrate as compared with death rate in Australia. Generally there is population increase from 1981 to 2016 in Australia. Relation between population growth and employment The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient between population growth and employment is 0.421632. There is positive correlation between population growth and employment. An increase in population led to an increase in employment. This does not mean as population increase the rate of employment changes, it implies the number people in employment increase as population rise. Anova: Single Factor SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance population growth 143 4851.9 33.92937 18.79744 employment total 143 1016109 7105.66 313643.4 ANOVA Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit Between Groups 3.58E+09 1 3.58E+09 22799.5 2.9E-10 3.87441 Within Groups 44540026 284 156831.1 Total 3.62E+09 285 The analysis of variance between population growth and employment total as given above at 5% level of significance, the p-value is 0.0000000029 which is less than 0.05.We reject null hypothesis that state there is no significance between population growth and employment totals and conclude that the population differ significantly. Which implies the number of employment per year is not proportion to population rise. Difference between employment and gender SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance males 426 2153674 5055.573 576787 females 426 1655277 3885.626 928841.4 ANOVA Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit Between Groups 2.92E+08 1 2.92E+08 387.2791 2.47E-71 3.852422 Within Groups 6.4E+08 850 752814.2 Total 9.31E+08 851 The null hypothesis states that there is no difference between employment rate and gender in Australia. From analysis of variance between gender and employment at 5% level of significance, the p-value is 2.47E-71 which is less than level of significance 0.05. Thus we reject null hypothesis and conclude that there is significance between gender and employment. This implies that the mean employment of males and females is not the same in Australia. One gender has higher rate of employment as compared to the other. There exists gender imbalance in employment with one gender being favored. Males are more in labour force as compared to females. The graph above shows that the level of employment between genders differs, male have high level of employment than females. The labour force of males and females increases from 1981 to 2016 as population increases in Australia. This indicates although high population results to increase in labour force, employment is not affected by population growth. Employment and job type Those employed in Australian labour force are either part-time or full time. The question is there any difference between these two groups of employment. The null hypothesis states that there is no difference between job types. SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance Full time 426 2821580 6623.427 825802.7 Part time 426 987370.6 2317.771 673399.1 ANOVA Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit Between Groups 3.95E+09 1 3.95E+09 5267.787 0 3.852422 Within Groups 6.37E+08 850 749600.9 Total 4.59E+09 851 The p-value is 0 which is less than 5% level of significance. Null hypothesis is rejected and conclude that the mean employment of different job type differs significantly. Full time average employment is 6623427 while part time 2317771 persons. There is high level of employment as full time employee as compared to part time employee. Most people in Australia are employed as fulltime employees. The composition of employment using gender and job type that is part time and full time employment, female are more than any other grouping in part time employment. The difference between numbers of females in part time and those in full time employments is very high as compared to males who have almost equal in full time jobs and in part time jobs. Employment to population ratio and gender Employment to population ratio is given by employment level divided by number of females or males. Pearson correlation coefficient is -0.37453 which implies that there is negative weak linear relationship between employments to population ratio of female and male. SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance Employment to population ratio:male 426 29078.48 68.25934 3.279746 Employment to population ratio:female 426 21302.53 50.00593 24.26645 ANOVA Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit Between Groups 70968.82 1 70968.82 5152.714 0 3.852422 Within Groups 11707.13 850 13.7731 Total 82675.95 851 The mean of employment to population ratio of male is 68.25934 with variance 3.279746 of and mean of employment to population ratio of female is 50.00593 with variance of 24.26645 high variance indicates high variation of observed data from the mean in females. The p value is 0 which is less than 0.05 the significance level. Thus we reject null hypothesis that there is no significance differences in mean employment to population ratio of both gender and conclude that mean employment to population ratio differs significantly in both genders. Discussion and conclusion The relationship between population growth and number of employment is positive linear, where population increase results to higher employment. Though the relationship is not causal that is population increase does not mean increase in employments. Males are more employed compared to females, although females are more employed in part time jobs as compared to males. This is due responsibilities of females at home as mother they opt to be employed as part time employment. The employment to population ratio of female is less compared to male this shows that higher level of employment of males in Australia. The study did not establish the cause of higher employment in males as compared to females. This is major limitation of this study and more study is required to check and explain the causal of imparities in employment composition and gender and also to establish the causal of employment rate increase. References Ethridge, D. (2004). Research Methodology in Applied Economics. Chicago:John Wiley Sons, pg 24. Fox W. Bayat M. (2007). A guide to managing Research. London: Juta publications, pg 45. Ilegbinosa I., Moses O. Praise U., (2014). Population and its Impact on Level of Unemployment in Least Developed Countries. Arts Social Science, vol J5, pg 81. John, D. (2016). The ultimate guide to writing dissertation Desaro S. (2011). A Students guide to conceptual side of inferential statistics. Retreived[September 19 2017] from https://psycology.sdcnet.com Tashakkori C. Teddlie (2003). Handbook of mixed methods in social research Thousands Oaks, CA: Sage, pg 273-296. Robyn L. (2008). The Changing Face of the Australian Population. Public Health, vol 188, pg 720-723. Neuman, W. L. (2014). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, 7th Edition. Pearson Education Limited: UK. Australia Bureau of Statistics (2016). Australian demographic statistics[online] www.abs.gov.au Australia Bureau of Statistics (2017). Labour force, Australia[online] www.abs.gov.au The conversation (2017). Australia doesnt have population policy[online] https://theconvesation.com Pauline M. Neil A., (2011). Population Growth and Change: Implication for Australias Cities and Regions. Geographical Research, vol 49, pg 317-335.