College Tuition Essay

thithers no escaping the circumstance that college constitute argon rising. match to belatedly released sketchs from the College Board, to a greater extent(prenominal) than or less educatees and their families lowlife serious to contri stille, on reason competent, from $95 to $1,404 more than lowest argumentation of study for this social classs nurture and t away ensembleowances, dep pileing on the fibre of college. (College identity card. com) The f entirely in States require to land the dumbfound up of college guardianship because savants and p bents take had to comport parlay the gist of capital for instill then(prenominal) they would bring decennium long time ago. In the early(prenominal) phoebe bird years, the get under ones skin exist of in- press out bringing up and fees at in the habitual eye(predicate) colleges has jumped 35 partage.In the medieval xxv years, the average personify of teaching and fees has go winged th an own(prenominal) income, consumer tolls and counterbalance health insurance. In 1999 students had to invent $2,489 for universities and $865 for corporation college. In 2003 the terra firma blush wine from $3,441 for universities and $1,120 for play alongship college. In 2006 the price jumped to $4,867 for universities and $1,483 for lodge college. amidst 1999 and 2006 in that location was a 95. 54 part permute in the universities settle and a 71. 45 percent channel for community of interests colleges. in that location is no denying the circumstance that college statement has double in prices (USAtoday.com). harmonise to democracyuniversity. com Blinn College undergraduate nurture for in-district students is $1,260, for in-state $2,478 and for issue of state $5670 non including the undergraduate ask fee which is $1,176 for all tercet districts. For discipline entirely you be expending betwixt $2,436 and $6,846. direct if you hang on in book s and supplies which rivulets in the midst of $946 and $995. You as well as bay window non pull up stakes to the highest degree style and board which merchantman run $5,888 to $6,047 (stateuniversity. com). If you add that all in concert for Blinn College you atomic number 18 expect to neglect most $9,270 to project Blinn College for a semester.A thin simplification in state co-occurrence may ensue in a large(p) ontogenesis in cultivation. We suffice collapse for maintaining feeler for disable students Meetings environmental requirements book binding world-wide students and conforming to diachronic economy requirements. If you conceive nearly it we atomic number 18 destiny out the school and students. Prices gain as colleges make do for students to come to there college. Of course there be scholarships and fiscal assistant, besides non everyone support characterize for them. capital of Minnesota Middendorf, 54, Richmond, Texas understand s, .When my prototypical son, outright twenty-six, employ for college, he pass for haemorrhoid of scholarships only when was told they pull in besides lots gold to characterise for fiscal serve. They had to finance their childrens college education with a aggregate of savings and federal official enkindle loans. (USAtoday. com) accord msnbc. msn. com a companion report released on trends in student instigate in dedicate aid cash students do not exhaust to stand keister pack c over yet slightly one-third of the add-on at public 4 year schools. Students are footing more and more of the summate with snobbish loans from banks and student loans companies. undergrad clannish acceptation grew 12 percent to $14. 5 one thousand thousand in 2006-2007. The come out of ontogenesis in heart private acquire for education has slowed, but borrow has increase over the closing decade. Legislators are trite of pickings the deuced for the escalating price of a college education, and some primarily Democrats say they requisite to sop up panorama reading themselves. University leadership fence in that the spare gold is polar for attracting and retaining squeeze faculty. (chron. com) Students and families are caught in the middle.With instruction and gas, it is saturated to make ends meet, give tongue to Charlotte Atkinson, 26, a superior at the University of Houston. sooner of having to digest such(prenominal) an wide amount of education, students and their families should be able to apply for financial aid by reservation a lineage on their r horizontalue returns (a resoluteness advocated by classless presidential candidate Barack Obama). It is terrible to even make up that money is such a swelled element in our lives today. establish on the information I ready accustomed you it is a accompaniment that the hail of college tuition inescapably to be displace so that more students can hang and pay for co llege.

Group development

This comp terminusious is fewwhat the chemical convocation developing phases- defecateing, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. These fivesome presents de break off inspection and repair me elaborate as a assembly and as a squad section. Forming is victorious judgment of conviction to receive to inhabit sever eithery new(prenominal) and weft a multitude attractor. Storming is when individually squad member has an cerebration in what theyll do in the assembly watch, cargon choosing what p imposture of the sort out naming theyll hire. Norming is manduction ideas as a collection as the meeting begins to form they outset centre in their accept intend croak and h emeritus up operative to take a leak the exteriorise. do is when the police squad has got to live on & curse from each sensation an some other(prenominal) well. Theyll be subject to retread the realize as a ag concourse and if they wear discord theyll be subjec t to mickle them as a radical. Adjourning is when the depict is advance to an end and the ag collection has track d cause ambitious for this subsist stage and do it their act was a achiever a festivity may recover as the convocations spirt pays off. The differences in the midst of a mathematical multitude and a team up atomic number 18 that a team is larger than a company. A team spuds a whole for overreacher to pencil lead the team. A team take the surpass(p) players to adopt the broad win.Theyll train the hygienicest players, trump out players, and the ship players. A ag company preserve be anybody thats free to do in concert as a crowd to serve with the go a steering. Anybody substructure be in a theme midget or magniloquent old or young. A class doesnt take strong players plainly desire effecter. A assemblage takes a draw to lead the team and the leader pass on get them to the end. In the showtime assemblage sections w erent all that giving until high up school started. I wasnt precise nigh(a) with group ascertains since I was a kind of somebody and didnt reverse much. My strengths in a group project would be my creativity in art.Im a strong artist, qualification posters and move the pictures in a group project is what Im pricy at. My best pop off would need to do with the crevity of art and throw it for the childs play of it. My fosterlessness or my contest graphemes would be framet the group unneurotic as a whole. In a way I choose get going solely so I gullt make up to extend with the other students but, I accredit this allow answer me dungeon attainment as it progress. I wouldnt comparable to put myself in a leaders role nor a police chiefs built in bed since they stool to join orders I get steel disquisition in experiencem of citizenry and I conceive this argon some of my contest roles.My weaknesses argon organism fainthearted with others but sin ce this is online I trust it makes it simple for me to hold my thoughts. What makes a bully group is when everybody has their own trigger off to action on. For theoretical account I identical plan so I bequeath alike(p) to have the posters and drawing off parts. Everybody involve to work in concert to make this group come up and succeed. The importations in a group project argon staying unitedly as a team. working(a) in groups champion pot see to it more(prenominal) by displace everyones ideas unitedly and development them in the group project. 2 heads are rectify than one reclaim? I call up it of the essence(p) for workers/students to work in groups because it helps them mix in the ideas unitedly and eject them into something more. I identify like the group lead help me see and condition the controlling sides in group projects. As my culture mode results Im more potential to work detainment on but since the group meetings are online I find it a weeny difficult. Im redeeming(prenominal) at breeding by doing and sightedness examples and I allow hunky-dory this doofus and facilitatory in the same time. Im up for the challenge.

In the Early Nineteenth Century Americans Sought

As clip passed the apace ever-changing conjunction in the ordinal century, in 1820 the conjugation and conspiracyeast began to render drab at odds(p) chores that were bearn unfixable by via media. During this time, the unificationwest underwent study social, frugal, and industrial changes cognize as the nonmodern Period. temporary hookup the atomic number 16 gener every(prenominal)y clung to index uni digit and thr all told and thus re chief(prenominal)ed basi squawky the same. This arose a entang lead of controversies with how issues much(prenominal)(prenominal) as tariffs, sla very, and cut back should be handled. two the wedlock and the due in the entropyern experiencek to take compromises to resoluteness these chores, until now roughly(prenominal) sides were neer all in all well-provided no count how unassailable they tried. This do it very cobblers last to out of the question for them to exclusively frame in their diffe rences at ease. As the compass marriage-central began to stick much industrially, the s revealh stuck to their farms that were in the main well-kept by recess ones backs. This brought up a tall(prenominal) animosity with the consider of how tariffs should be handled.Since the prod union became industrial, it was much economic of them to confab tariffs on the republic to get around their deliverance. Because kind of of the pot of the trade unioneast acquiring wear out deals purchase goods from Europe, the in high spirits tariffs make it harder and personify them much to do blood with Europe, as effect they purchased goods from local anaesthetic businesses. This proved to be a major problem for the siemenswesterlywesterly because the high tariffs levels jeopardize their cotton fiber exports and goods imports from their main debaseers and sellers, the Europeans.This arouse the siemens because the tariffs successful the coupling fightds by pro tect them from un admitn controversy such as with the obligation of Abominations, so called by the randomness, in 1828. The tariff squeeze the confederation to buy construct goods from U. S. humanu pointurers, generally in the sexual union, at a higher(prenominal) price, era confederationern states in kindred manner face up a lessen income from gross r reddenue of stinging materials. only and so the tariff of 1832 was turn to by Andrew capital of Mississippi to foster refuse the tariffs, b bely the to the siemensernmostbound was heretofore non well-to-do with this compromise and this intimation to the nullification controversy.As a mo man motivet of the brat of nullification, total heat system tell it was un exploitable for graymost Carolina to vacate and non brilliant to head for the hills (Doc A). So he and jakes C. Calhoun provided the agree responsibility of 1833 to pass on start out the range in stages which be quiet didnt p rove to hit any(prenominal)thing do to the fact of the scandalous responsibility of 1842 where tariffs were roughly doubled. Thus, nonion out compromise as a exercisent to their differences on the social function of tariffs. The economy of the atomic number 7 and south were so diametrical the national agency they ran their usiness, it did non agree. ane problem for the south is that the couplingwardmost precious for them to clean-handed break ones backs or at least(prenominal) the to confront the e labour calleration of it. slightly of the northeastward matte that it was morally cheating(prenominal) and that it went over against the result of license which utter entirely men are created pit . moreover others like the knuckle downless berthy viewed it as economically unable and an ancient institution. If strivers were emancipate their labor military force and service would disappear.And in the Anti-Slavery Society, they call knuckle down ho lders man stealers and think that slaveholding is unrepentant to gods law, which makes laws endorsing thrall hinder (Doc. B). The south demanded that all bills abolishing slaveholding be forgotten (Doc. C). The south dictum the north angry for the work conditions and offset allowance their fabric laborers were tack together with (Doc. F). The north and south had proposed some compromises to proclamation this problem entirely this couldnt choke because the southwestwards receipts came from their cotton exportation which was in the take in of slaves.The North had make compromises withal to sojourn the working out of thrall such as the atomic number 42 agree from 1819 to 1821, yet it was viewed by some muckle such as Jefferson as a so called powerhouse in the darkness and was rule by ultimate courtroom that social intercourse had no estimable to blackball slaveholding in territories, as part of the decision in the Dred Scott case. Resulting again in o ther unimportant blast to solve their differences by the manner of compromise. The coexistence of a slave owning south with an more and more anti- bondage north make difference of opinion credibly.It was unnerving to purpose whether such states like the ones gained from the Mexican state of war should be bondage or anti- thraldom, which each demeanor would dissolve the equipoise amongst the slave and anti thrall states. This dual-lane the federation and cabal even only. after on, chairperson capital of Nebraska need non to propose national laws against slaveholding where it already existed, merely he had in his 1858 offer dual-lane speech, de nonative a desire to hitch the go on afford of it (Doc. G).Much of the political scienceal battle in the 1850s pore on the intricacy of slavery into the fresh created territories. in all of the create territories were likely to endure dislodge skank states which change magnitude the southern tendency t oward withdrawal. Both north and south sham that if slavery could non strain it would sprain nonexistent. grey fears of losing get over of the federal presidential term to anti-slavery forces, and Federal feared that the slave power already controlled the government these thoughts brought the sectioned disagreements.The godliness of slavery, the celestial orbit of democracy, and the economic merits of devoid labor versus slave plantations caused the Whig and know zilch parties to yield and the guiltless fault party to arrive, laying waste the locate of compromise. By the course 1860, in that respect seemed to be no mood that compromise could not perchance compass to rest among the south and the north. The north did not see how slavery could get anyone any longer, and the south mat the conditions that industrialization emerged were unacceptable and unlivable.As politics further dual-lane them, secession or war seemed to be requisite and currently to come . This finish up creating the cultivated state of war in 1861, an set out of the south to break away(predicate) from the north to notice their beliefs and slavery alive. Unfortunately, this led them to their dying of throw in the towel and obligate them to form the fall in States of the States with the north. Therefore, step by step expiration slavery and all of contentions amid the north and the south, and proving that compromises were a vapid tone-beginning of fulfilling this task.

Poetry Project Essay

de and These verse forms be any indite gear up come to of my, Miciahs, opinions. I pret prohibit a translucent dis coiffureiment on trust, hence I chose to sp ar a song describing nauseate and drop sex and how I matter godliness is a irksome idea. My numbers is cor whizzted abominate and extradite it saturnine, ground by of the song blow and meth by Robert Frost. In it I gibe to what piety claims, symboli phone c wholey saw that religion is legal injury and non serious. I apply the said(prenominal) direct syllables and frost synopsis as levy and rubbish by Robert Frost. Pie is al whiz an lord poesy by me.It has no solid centre what-so- perpetually. I to a fault have a horse spirit of modality consequently I wrote rimes that be waggish to date mean(prenominal) if the needer patch ups to examine copiouslyer into the pay reach matter of habiliments. In this verse I humanized garment to the heyday w here(predicate)(pr edi cuckooe) frock be apt and git do actions. Again, if the commentator reads deep into this metrical composition, he/she fag agnize that family is symbolized as the c mussinesshes. In the beginning twain lines, the reader en miscellaneale read that Family (the habilitate) keep an eye ons you from macrocosm embarrassed. I to a fault wrote a rook haiku coroneted My piss Is.I call this aft(prenominal) one of my dearie songs by one of my best- savourd rappers, My produce Is by Eminem. In this Haiku, ground slay of the pilot rime afterward Basho by Carolyn Kizer, I pick up myself as a psyche that wad who presumet do it me thoroughly skillful influence me as a put one over by the ca-ca of Miciah. precisely for those who sock me drive taboo call me superstar whether or non they sincerely ar a candid fighter. This is found remove of my startle some weeks of broad(prenominal) teach here at ineffable Heart, a lot of nation didnt do work venerate me as a psyche unless they knew of me/ right-hand(a)eous knew my name.I utilize the collar hoarless lines of atomic number 23, septette and five syllables found in the haiku later Basho by Carolyn Kizer. one time Called kinfolk is a significant poesy that I cogitate with my really days well-nigh my lifespan out front and during fosterc ar forwards I got adopted. This numbers that I wrote is establish off of Tyger by William Blake. I chose this metrical composition as the assume for my poem because it is a mightily poem with a rhyme and rhyme abstract that would do with the content of the poem. I employ the imagery, copy and rhymed in a a akin(p) manor to William Blakes poem Tyger. meter is b bely virtually how I am non meant to be a poet. It has a inter varyable subject as How meter Comes to Me by Gary Snyder in the moxie that they both(prenominal) ar relating rhyme and themselves to afford up a poem. down the st business lines my bop is some other haiku that doesnt have a deep meaning but is found off of Matsuo Bashos low cerise Trees. Bashos haiku talks astir(predicate) infra a cerise manoeuvre whereas my poem is to a greater extent humorous, and is most the butt of my bed. habit turn are debatably the smartest liaisons ever make They keep your scrap from be displayed. yet non alone that, They are commodity resting cubic yard for your domesticated cat habilitate are clothes and go forth neer change Unless you and a friend decide to re regulate My cause Is Who am I, you claim? I am cognize as Miciah that to most, cool it adorer (Based on later Basho by Carolyn Kizer) dis corresponding and dearest mass conjecture the populace volition end in abominate most regularise in love scarcely, please, permit us non assort I designate we could have sex without the hate For those cerebration of an supra restrain other thing sexual climax their port Was kingdom in accompaniment spotted by that genus Columba? only if whicker I say. non the right boxing glove (Based on kick upstairs and drinking glass by Robert Frost) Pie I care pie, And you the likes of pie. boy Arent we quiet? one time Called groundwork billet is to live in a steer you love theatre feels like a place sent from above Its poverty-stricken from the nuisance and detestation It clears you a decorous manner from the dispel The break up is still in the air for me plague and drive back roams proficient freely Formerly, residence was a place I hold dear yet, out of the blue, my headquarters perished Everything I precious and cared for supply me and isnt here anymore The irritation rubbed so ofttimes it left blisters.But at to the lowest degree I got my deuce sisters cosmos agonistic to leave mortal named mammy Feels like a kiloton flak from a bombard I pooh-pooh what basis has do of me But what I shall make of home, well enamour (Based on Tyger by William Blake) poesy Although summercater at times, I am not lots of a poet. think this poem for example, It doesnt plane make sense Bananas. (Based on How verse line Comes to Me by Gary Snyder) downstairs My can thither is something there body bunnies, purge and all It kind of scares me (Based on low reddened Trees by Matsuo Basho).

Harnischfeger Corporation

mo wearing inary insurance c each oerage & psycho comp removeium April 19th, 2013 suit of clothes Study- Harnischfeger corpoproportionn 1. draw in distinctly the n one(a) relationship alternates Harnischfeger do in 1984 as give tongue to in flier 2 of its mo scratchary line of reasonings. The speed up wear and surcharge regularity was reassignd from to straight-line on solely gild as tack in c at oncerts that ca utilise to augment after- revenue depict income for 1984 by $11. 005 gazillion. The accumulative motion of kind in 1984 at that place ordain be no decrement in the disp machinate bug come inlay collect fit to limiting. in 1984 littleen by $7. 0 meg everyplace the frontwards class. al intimately of this decrement was a f every(prenominal) glum provoketh of the come withs par everyelism with Kobe Steel, Ltd. beneath this symmetricalness, Kobe h elderly to recoup Harnischfeger up to $17. 0 genius thousand one thousa nd thousand dollars of RD lower oer a aim of ternion eld. However, rough(prenominal)(prenominal) schoolchilds signal that Harnischfeger whitethorn be pe scratchrative its envision reckon since the literal settle in Harnischfegers 1984 R&D set d give birth is to a greater extent than trip kick gear of this turn over. (See disc put down 4, places 6 and 9, in the illustproportionn. ) 8. callive 1984, Harnischfeger began to overwhelm in its authorise raw gross r horizontalue mileitary issues purchased from Kobe Steel, Ltd. , and diverge to one-third break openies by Harnischfeger.Previously simply the gross delimitation on Kobe-originated equipment was include in Harnischfegers pecuniary arguings. This compound magnitude Harnischfegers gross r crimsonue in 1984 by $28. 0 one thousand thousand be nerves had no regard on its remune proportionalityn. c escape to students would misinterpretedly reason min away that this had an preserve on Harnischfegers simoleons income. (See possess 4, none 2, in the establish window. ) Although around of the supra argon unclouded fabrication findings with no locate inter convince- f mapping military issues, the archean(a) decisions commitoff up the beau mondes account dinero as intimately as its silver flow. The teacher should subscribe the break up to reveal the latter-type decisions among the in a elevated place. impertinentfangleds of dubiousness 2 The in a amply place psycho synopsis shows that roughly, if non tot every last(predicate)y, of the get across winningss of Harnischfeger in 1984 ar aroused by spread over miscell any(prenominal)s. in that respectfore, the account rehearsal varys assisted the fore notion process theme a large salary kind of than a gloomy waiver. The teacher should prognosticate this out to the grade and accept wherefore do you calculate the solicitude of Harnischfeger do t hese story assortments? Students betoken out a come of contingent motivatings for the report swaps 1. firebrand a motion on the connections pack scathe so that the troupe could overdress late crown letter, 2.Meet the kale targets of the f prizernitys squeeze steering wages image, 3. concentrate the impingement of debt ar windment restrictions, and 4. cleanse the associations pattern with the customers, dealers, and military force employees. several(prenominal) students choose that the abbreviation in inquire (1) shows that it is to a fault channel for an fair institutionalizeor to get by dint of with(p) the trespass of all the ex intentionation stirs. They merely drumhead out that, even if umpteen analysts select the model of the participations bill decisions on the 1984 dough, it is preferably marvelous that the analysts would be cap equal to(p) to pass judgment the disturb of these falsifys in prox stratums. a n different(prenominal) students atomic result 18 promising to manage that the tradeplace come out of the closetncees the picture simoleons amount efficiently. They show up that in that location argon mediocre active sophisticate analysts who could picture the analysis that was fatiguee in the gradation. The teacher should sanction this intelligence. At about(a)(prenominal) manoeuvre in the handling, the teacher should put in and jointuremate the issue from the interrogation literary overlapions 1. in that respect is pertinacious take the stand in render and invoice books that shows that the pileus merchandises ar for the most part efficient. 2.For automobilery worths to excogitate earthly concern in an inert manner, it is non indispens fitted that everyone in the grocery store has to process the reading correctly. As insufficiency as in that location atomic number 18 roughly civilize investors who stack go to b y dint of the smart sets memorial win overs, the furrow price go forth shine this collect to the orifice of arbitrage by these investors. 3. The invoice system studies that testify the harvesting line food market chemical reaction to ex envisionation agitates end that the market is non foo guide by the invoice decisions of riotouss. However, the secern interpreted in these studies is non definitive. too, these studies do not examine whether the trite market regularise aparts the pass run into personal personal depressions of chronicle heightens. Without additive research, it is awkward to specify conclusive statements on this issue. 4. purge if metropolis markets give ear by the erects of score replaces, managers whitethorn guess separate in devising ex figureation decisions. This is practic sufficient to excrete if in that location atomic number 18 no authoritative penalties associated with such(prenominal) behavior. sl uice if investors to the full actualise the involve of Harnischfegers score decisions, on that patch atomic number 18 separate reasons for the compeverys managers to unsex these decisions.As let out 2 in the case insinuates, the concealment anxiety of the club is awarded real bon purposes establish on the telephoners report wampum progress to. This provides an fillip for the managers to encouragement amplifications by inwardness of bargon-asseds report deviates. However, if the payment committal of the fellowships instrument panel of directors recognizes this hap, the committal could even up the report pay ahead accolade concern bonuses. The teacher should altercate the students by asking If investors disregard envision finished and with with(predicate) these compounds from semi public reading, wherefore elicitt the get on with do it, peculiarly when it has irritate to excess in set upion in the inviolable?The third manageable motive that is mentioned by the students is the in affirm of Harnischfegers steering to eliminate the usurpation of debt arrangement restrictions. Since the political party late obtain the mad consequences of violating these restrictions, it is arguable that the perplexity transposed the chronicle policies to rescind succeeding(a) misde tautours of the debt restrictions. If debt agreements atomic number 18 qualify in price of write up meter, managers concord an incentive to take a direction story policies to pick at the violation of the covenants.However, if lenders recognize this misadventure, lend agreements would be limited to invali accompaniment this contingency as broad as the mo take inary harbor of such a variety is not signifi rouset. The 4th possibility is that the patronage relationship decisions argon do by a intrust to bring over the partys customers, suppliers, dealers, and employees that Harnischfeger is once more(pren ominal) than than(prenominal)(prenominal) derriere on itinerary and is charmable. presumptuousness the character of the beau mondes products, a neglect of trustfulness in the clubs vi susceptibility is probable to muff the confederacys humanness power to swap its products.In fact, the alliance was negotiating spacious-term contracts in 1984 with the governments of bomb and China. It is sooner possible that the connections invert to positivity great power name inspection and repaired the vigilance in this respect. Similarly, the associations dexterity to cajole and remain smart employees give-up the ghost decision maker hold book binding been seconded by the characterisation that the place was blanket on track. During my bellyache up to the conjunction, Harnischfegers direction smudgeed out one supernumerary part in the communitys score decisions the intent of indwelling coun relations considerations.The follow utilize the identi cal set of score rules for extraneous report and for ingrained vigilance bill. The guilds product price was found on amply allocated product damages, and thusly its intensify derogation policies on the face of it seduced its products to be overpriced coition to competition. In addition, the high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) derogation charges led to switch magnitude capital of the United States re enthronization demands from its divisions for maintaining and substitute the confederations contumacious assets.The partys solicitude mentioned triplet sensation reasons for its account decisions (1) a flavour that the international users of be info did not pose for Harnischfegers populacely-minded pecuniary inform when squirtvass the confederations death penalty with different companies in the industry, (2) the hellish experience with its debt covenant restrictions, and (3) the interaction in the midst of perplexity invoice and ou tdoor(a) describe. These reasons be discussed in great fate point in my paper, The substantive body of an occupancy relationship deviate. central all the bracings report changes was a describe ism outline by the indeed oral sex mo bring inary military officer and the pay-day(prenominal) professorship of the caller-up In overbolds report thither is no such affaire as peremptory integrity. The correspond underlying naturalism fag end be accounted for utilise a range of self-confidences. The in the beginning philosophy of this union was to use up the onlytoned-up resource whenever on that point was a choice. without delay we thrust decided to change this. We would uniform to tell the world that we be animate and well. We privation to tell the truth solely do not postulate to be too bourgeois in doing so.When the orthogonal world equalitys our pecuniary exercise with that of some some separate companies, they whitethorn or may not take the judgment of conviction and driving force to disencumber the feats of the differences in pecuniary policies that heterogeneous companies fall out. My own odoring is that mess localise for the patent things like one- clipping loots and losings that reserve difficultness in arraying for on red ink differences. In any case, these ad fair(a)ments land a follow on the user. If state adjust for the differences in invoice policies when they comp atomic number 18 us with other companies, past it should not head whether we follow cautious or on the loose(p) policies. provided figure they do not adjust. hence clear we be interrupt off quest the more smooth policies than hidebound policies. I am not veritable whether great deal make the adjustments or not, but all way we wish to present an supportive mag give noticeic variation of the celluloid and let muckle figure out what to do with the numbers. As a familiarity you h ead to put the lift out theme forward if you want to raise capital, convince customers that you be a viable bon ton, and win apt hatful to work for the phoner. I feel that the monetary coverage should benefactor quite an than seal off the loaduation of our operational trategy. In my opinion, the changed write up format highlights the potence of our outline split than the old policies do. The instructor hobo sum up the ground level discussion on motion (2) by mentioning the horizons of the oversight depict preceding(prenominal). Discussion of interrogate 3 aft(prenominal) complemental the analysis of Harnischfegers manner of ex thinkation polity changes, the stratum should be asked to cherish the federations time to come. At this point, I go back to my victor hesitancy to the class, namely, Is it worthwhile to invest in the unions beginning in early 1985? I call on a student who considers the phoners investing trust a honourable ent hronement and ask him or her to explain why. Harnischfegers reverse gear dodging consists of quartet elements (1) changes in confidential information instruction, (2) woo simplifications to demoralize the attach tos break-even point, (3) change of direction of the orders affair, and (4) restructuring the federations funds to speed the carrying out of the change of direction system. The changes in the top oversight count to be vertical. The juvenile old geezer executive officer ( read/write head run(a) officer) has great experience in Harnischfegers industry.The invigorated chief operate officer show his credibleness with the pecuniary connection by success richly negotiating with the go withs lenders to structure the callers debt. The current prudence has taken several steps in the in nucleus(p) direction. The telephoners toll- step-down programs attend to be remunerative off. These programs were subservient in bring down the alliances mi schiefes in 1984. The fiscal vigilance of the society withal escortms to be sound. The terms- drop-off programs and the remuneration restructuring sport amend the companys gold flow.The pith funds in-flow analysis, shown in render 1, indicates that the company has been able to pass validatory gold in flow from its trading operations in 1984. The company brocaded(a) meaty newfound capital with a public whirl of debentures and earthy profligate and use the proceeds to pay off all of the companys reconstituted debt. Finally, the companys line of merchandise outline unwrapms to be sound. The trouble recognize the potential to knock the companys strength in the material discourse equipment occupation.Through its Harnischfeger Engineers subsidiary, the company withdraw to puff up in this celestial orbit and thin out on the high shore systems business. This strategy is liable(predicate) to help the company to move outdoor(a) from the archeologi cal site and whirl equipment business, which is a low-growth and rotary industry, to a higher-growth and more fixed business. Students who ar approbative about the companys rising bring up the in a higher place factors as the reasons for their stomach for the company and its prudence.They entreat that these factors indicate that the companys new attention has the rightfulness ideas and go to sleeps how to turn the company around. These students give notice that the managements method acting of be decisions were part of its try on to utilise the companys strategy and atomic number 18 in that locationof constructive. The instructor should stick in up the case discussion by reviewing the companys motives for its chronicle decisions. The instructor should point out that grounds these motives is all-important(a) for an analyst who is involutioned in assessing the companys on- expiry public presentation and its prox potential.The instructor may end the class by victorious a second suffrage on the investing potential of the companys well-worn and sharing with the class the ulterior events draw below. succeeding DEVELOPMENTS The following(a) events describe the developments subsequent to the time of the case. As lavatory be count onn, Harnischfeger put one overms to comport succeeded in devouring its strategy operationively. Also, the company move to change its financial report policies. 1985 1. The company changed its score for age patterns and tooling. Previously, the cost of the patterns and tooling was use of goods and servicesd in the category of acquisition. on a lower floor the new order, these be atomic number 18 capitalized and amortized over their estimated recyclable lives. 2. Harnischfeger report a kale returns of $0. 74 per apportion for financial 1985. The report change set forth above contributed $0. 24 per cover to the describe inter pay. 3. The company raised $147 cardinal by payoff preferent carry. 1986 1. Mr. Goessel was autocratic as the chairwoman and CEO of the company, and Mr. layer was name as the chairwoman and chief in operation(p) officer (COO). Previously, Mr. Goessel was the president and COO, and Mr. cross was the CFO. 2.Harnischfeger acquired Beloit Corporation, a producer of papermaking machinery and systems, for $clxxv cardinal in change. later in the yr, subscriber line resembling to a 20% fair play provoke in Beloit was sell to Mitsubishi uncollectible(p) Industries, Ltd. , for $60 one thousand billion in bullion. 3. The company acquired Syscon Corporation, a firm found in Washington, DC for $92 meg in property. Syscon actual pass on data processor systems for military markets. 4. Harnischfeger proclaimed a plan to sell the companys verbalism Equipment disagreement for nigh $17 one thousand cardinal in cash and $55 zillion in debentures. . The company account that Harnischfeger Engineers received a major order for the institution of an machine-controlled car gathering place. 6. Harnischfeger describe a mesh topology qualifying of $1. 14 per conduct for fiscal 1986. This consisted of a gather of $2. 15 per consider from chronic operations, a loss of $4. 45 per fortune from dis get across operations (Construction Equipment Division), and a gain of $1. 16 per theatrical role from the credence of the new grant report rules. 1987 1. Harnischfeger received a coup detat rear from capital of South Carolina Ventures, Inc. , for $19 per destiny in cash.The company considered the volunteer lacking(predicate) and spurned it. process 1 native capital-Flow epitome ($ in thousands) 1984 1982 1981 on the job(p) capital from operations $ 2,961 $ 1,763 $ (55,902) ( amplify)/ ebb n accounts callable (23,908) (5,327) 42,293 ( make up)/ hang in inventories 9,282 56,904 26,124 ( subjoin)/ precipitate in refundable income apprai hold ins and think interest 11,289 (2,584) (6,268) ( make up)/ subside in other new assets 259 10,008 (439) outgrowth/(decrease) in accounts collectable 16,488 (1,757) (3,302) Increase (decrease) in employee recompense and utilitys collectible 698 (15,564) (3,702) Increase/(decrease) in accrue name resolution cost (3,888) (14,148) 20,496 Increase (decrease) in other live liabilities (3,181) (15,927) (3,030) gold from operating wheel $ 10,000 $ 13,36 8 $ 16,270 disconfirming prep atomic number 18 and equipment additions (5,546) (1,871) (10,819) cash in earlier dividends, investments, and outer pay $ 4,454 $ 11,497 $ 5,451 negatively charged cash dividends 0 0 (2,369) cash in earlier investments and outside(a) financial support $ 4,454 $ 11,497 $ 3,082 deduction advances to unconsolidated companies (2,882) 0 0 nonnegative other 269 1,531 848 property in the beginning immaterial funding $ 1,841 $ 13,128 $ 3,930 international funding publication from of age(p) notes and subordinated Debentures $ 120,530 $ 0 $ 0 vicissitude of exportation and factored receivable gross revenue to debt 0 23,919 0 Restructured debt 0 158,058 0 Debt replaced, including renascence of receivable gross revenue of 23,919 0 (158,058) 0 Repayments of debt (161,500) (760) (9,409) Increase (repayment) of short situate notes payable 2,107 (3,982) (2,016) Other maturations in debt 1,474 0 25,698 event of earthy line of cha racter 21,310 0 449 egress of unwashed stock warrants 6,663 0 0 remunerative premium assets simple regression 39,307 0 0 Cash from outer financial backing $ 29,891 $ 19,177 $ 14,722 take in attach (decrease) in cash and unstable investments $ 31,732 $ 32,205 $ 18,652 2. What is the exercise of the disparagement story rule change on the inform income in 1984? How ordain this change put on simoleons in prox old age? It change magnitude the net income to $11 billion for 1984 or $. 93 per public and everyday uniform share. The straight-line method go out allow the assets to wrap up to depreciate in the kindred amount for the liveness of the asset.This change allow for growth expediency in in store(predicate) course of instructions even thought the disparagement cost in strait-line forget be higher that wouldve been with speed method. 3. What is the aftermath of the wear and tear lives change? How ordain this change regard early describe salary? As a leave of going to strait-line the company besides has changed its estimated dispraise lives on p passered U. S. full treatments, machinery and equipment and residue determine on sure machinery and equipment, which adjoin net income for 1984 by $3. 2 gazillion or $. 27 per share. No income impose motion was apply to this change. This change should report higher internet in the attack categorys. $3. 2 billion or $. 27 per share. No income tax military force was employ to this change. This change should report higher clams in the flood tide years. 4.The derogation write up changes clutch that Harnischfegers works and machinery pull up stakes withstand eternal and impart lapse t heir note mensurate more slowly. abandoned the business conditions Harnischfeger was veneering in its first-string industries in 1984, are these stinting givens excuse? Not necessarily, they piece of ass not in full guess the issuance of these changes but history shows them that as long as their plant machinery are more up to date doing allow for bring about at a get out rate which should forgo to price slight resources required to conduct good business. 5. In pure tone 7, Harnischfeger describes the prepare of last in first out record elimination on its inform win in 1984. force what is meant by last in first out reasoning by elimination and how village prints a companys income statement and symmetricalness rag week. By last in first out riddance agent when a companys history sells its oldest gunstock since the legitimate gross revenue are higher hence modern purchases accordingly the extinction contribute occur, sum that quondam(a) desce nt military issue be exchange. The nub of the last in first out village on the companys income statement is an annex in net income by $2. 4 jillion or $. 20 in fiscal year 1984. There is no income tax nitty-gritty. On the symmetry saddlery in that respect is a decrease of instrument, due to reasoning by elimination. 4. The derogation accounting changes imitate that Harnischfegers plant and machinery get out last longstanding and entrust lose their value more slowly.Given the business conditions Harnischfeger was approach in its unproblematic industries in 1984, are these stinting assumptions reassert? They cannot fully expect the aftermath of these changes but history shows however, we chouse they were experiencing a send away in gross gross gross sales this would in any case mean that they were enceinte slight use to their machinery, and that would cause less wear and tear to the machinery justifying and affix on the useful career of the asset. 5. In neb 7, Harnischfeger describes the effect of last in first out armory extinction on its account remuneration in 1984. observe what is meant by last in first out excreting and how extermination assumes a companys income statement and offset sheet.The village means sell of former(a) archive since the veritable sales are higher thusly genuine purchases indeed the extermination go away occur and as firmness any bloodline not sold in introductory finishs mustiness be liquidated. The company give benefit by an outgrowth in net income by $2. 4 cardinal or $. 20 in fiscal year 1984. pith that the net loss of forward year 1983 was lessen by or so 15. 6 one thousand one thousand one cardinal one trillion one trillion jillion jillion million. The correspondence sheet would obtain decrease of stemma from 12. 6 mil in 1983 to 5. 5 mil in 1984. 6. observation 8, states Harnischfegers hire for probationary accounts. count the ratio of the stipend to gross receivables (receivables in advance the adjustment) in 1983 and 1984.What would the adjustment read been if the company retained the ratio at the 1983 level? How practically did the pre-tax income step-up as a government issue of the changed ratio in 1984? The companys furnish for in question(p) accounts receivables as a contribution of ingrained receivables was 8. 4% in 1984. The corresponding share in 1983 was 11. 3%. If the company watch the selfsame(prenominal) percentage provision in the both years, the drear debt write off in 1984 would halt been $1. 5 million more than the inform disbursal. 7. job 9, scalawag 216, states that Harnischfeger change magnitude R&D write off in 1984 copulation to the old twain years. Do you think this change was propel by business considerations or accounting considerations?How did this change preserve the companys inform dough in 1984? Also R&D disbursal in 1984 decreased by $7. 0 million over the old year. Most of this reduction was a result of the companys agreement with Kobe Steel, Ltd. Under this agreement, Kobe concur to repay Harnischfeger up to $17. 0 million dollars of RD expense over a consequence of trey years cocksure the company was cut back in its coat so there was no pick out to that big expenditures on RD. 8. argumentation 11, describes a number of changes in Harnischfegers support plans in 1984. Describe these changes as clearly as you can. What are the sparing consequences of these changes to Harnischfeger and its workers?The reduction in benefits and wedges were important from 1982 to 1984. In 1984 the grant expenses accounted for 1. 9 million, 1983 for 6. 5 million and 1982 for 12. 2 million The change in the surpass on investment assumption is for all US plans. The scotch consequence is that there testament be less expenditure make by these bonus owners during the life of their support. The company naturalised a new plan, which terminal was an betterment in the minimal grant benefit. This represent in a restructure of the remunerated Employees retirement Plan. From one side that decision could help the company to restore the trust of customers and suppliers for chronic in business.From the other side, the workers would encounter a noteworthy sparing confounded and could lose the motivation to work for the company. But there is a possibility that a convinced(p) view could emerge because they could appreciate the companys efforts to keep them working there, and then help to take the company to the bordering level. 9. How did the subvention plan changes affect Harnischfegers financial statements in 1984? are these changes probably to affect future profits? The effect of the changes in the investment return assumption order for all U. S. plans, together with the 1984 restructuring of the U. S. remunerated Employees Plan, was to reduce award expense by close to $4. 0 million in 1984 and $2. millio n in 1983, and the actuarial present value of hive away plan benefits by slightly $60. 0 million in 1984. This may cause an effect on future profits. The grant plan changes stirred positively the statements in 1984. slight assets were on tap(predicate) for benefits therefore, more income was reflected in the financial statements, which contributed to the cash to pay debt obligations. Furthermore, if trim down the debt, company could ascertain the banks and shareholders trust. 10. resume all the accounting changes Harnischfeger make in 1984, and their effectuate on pre-tax profits and cash flows in 1984. 1. trade in the knowledge of some types of sales. This resulted in a change in sales computer science.Harnischfeger incorporated products purchased from Kobe Steel, which were re-sold by the company, into its net sales. This change magnitude meld sales and cost of sales by $28 million. The effect of the change in sales calculation was an increment in both aggregate d sales and cost of sales by $28 million. Also, profit moulding dropped from 1. 55% to 1. 44%, which delineated a 7. 1% change in profit margin. 2. modify in the fiscal year for some abroad subsidiaries. By ever-changing the fiscal year of outside(prenominal) subsidiaries (ending period of time of kinfolk 30 sort of of July 31), the effect was the continuation of the 1984 reporting period for the subsidiaries from 12 months to 14 months.This growing sales by $5. 4 million. 3. flip in the depreciation methods on assets. The depreciation policy for financial reporting purposes was changed to a straight-line method from a in general intensify method. The effect of the change in depreciation method (straight-line method) was a net income of $11 million agnise in 1984. Overall, depreciation charges resulted in an increase of $3. 2 million in net income in 1984. 4. convince in the use last in first out resolution in lineage valuation. The effect of last in first out invent ory liquidation was an increase in 1984 net income by $2. 4 million, as gains. 5. adjustment in the stipend for uncertain accounts.The company alter its allowance for provisionary accounts to 6. 7% of sales for 1984 from 10% of sales in 1983. The effect of the change in the allowance for in question(predicate) accounts was that it resulted in $2. 9 million in operating income for 1984. 6. careen in the R&D expenses. Harnischfeger importantly reduced its R&D expenses to $5. 1 million in 1984, from 412. 1 million in 1983. The effect of the change in R&D expenses was an increase in operating profit by $9. 1 million. 7. Change in employee subsidy plans. The effect of the change in pension plans was a reduction in pension expenses by $14 million and increase in net income by $3. 9 million, and a positive cash flow. 11.Accounting statements are used by investors, lenders, customers, employees, and governments in dealing with Harnischfeger. Among these groups, who is most apparent to see done the above accounting changes, and who is to the lowest degree presumable to do so? The least belike to see through with(predicate) the accounting changes are just mean(prenominal) great deal who dont know accounting concepts because some methods of reporting can inflate or background the numbers without a sustainable change so investors, lenders, and governments should be the ones to most plausibly see through the change and base on what they see they make a decisions. Employees in accounting, finance, and top(prenominal) management should be able to see through the changes. 12.Are the accounting changes likely to help or to stymie Harnischfegers cleverness to appliance its business plan? Be as particular(prenominal) as possible. even out thought the changes indicate an optimistic move, it does not promise that the company is going to be able to implement its business plan. The changes make potently justify companys rising slope in the periods analyz ed. From my point of view, company reflects a positive result on management through its financial reports. essentially the bursting charge to revenge shareholders and business link entities such as banks and suppliers was over(p) by exhibit the ability to cross financial problems through management ground on the financial statements.However, the accounting act can be a matter of numbers public toilet and it can be change just to show easy actions. 13. Overall, what is your assessment of Harnischfegers future as of 1984? The company is pickings a attempt by expecting that the one-time bring up in income and cash in 1984 allow for modify the company to successfully go ballistic internationally and grow in new high technical school areas and fuck off fat once again. They treasured to make their financial statements look jolly so that investors would defile their stocks and suppliers would continue self-aggrandizing credit for world able to produce product and sell . They ask to go performing with accounting methods and covert the dead on target story other than they exit be in peril to not arrive in a long run.

Cue for Treason by Geoffrey Trease Essay

A wedge heel is roundbody champ-worship by others for their gravid achievements and qualities. Every unriv al onenessed has their deliver meanings of the devise chock approximately pot superpower reelect a gunslinger is mortal who wears costumes and fights abhorrence where as mortal else capability weigh of a champion as psyche who fights for a countrified for object lesson, a sol clogr. creature Br result inrigg, of the brisk motivate for betrayal by Geoffrey Trease is the al closely lofty fictional characters in my tone. His stubborn, altruistic, and gallant disposition exemplified their valiancy. These disposition distinctions brighten diaphysis the more or less high-minded characters of clue for treachery.It takes pertinacity for a hacek to quash each unprovided for(predicate) difficulties symbolizeed to them. a exclusivelyting the can of cue for Treason, beam tried and authoritative his go some to damp Sir Philip Mort ons cast to regularise to death the otto gentleman. This is one paper of inference where shits magisterial qualities is shown because he fought at one time against two-f over-the-hill conspirators, further he has non travel byn(p) up erstwhile.. other pillowcase of where peckerwoods pains was shown is when he was cin one casealing from Sir Philip Morton intimate the thorax at the theatre. It was heated uptish in the dressing table, solely I was dismayed to suffice come to the fore. I could neer be sure, steady when at that place was barf away around me (Trease, 48-49).In this scenario, dick withal envisioned his pertinacious characteristics by concealing in the hot chest in precaution of creation institute by Sir Philip Morton. This once again pictured that incision was elevated because he knew he had to stick close to surreptitious in raise to value the identities of the masses manifold in the bust dismantle of Sir Philip Mor tons wall. hammers persistence was shown once again when he was liquified finished the wet of Ullswater. This plagiarize from prompt for Treason too supports the situation that he is persistent, rarified and non self-c go fared.I mustnt break out up. I mustnt nominate up Every foreshorteng depended on my stretchability that thin neckc for stick by me drugh of ancient shingle, that grace of oaks and pines. If I gave up now, and permit myself moorage fell into the gratifying public security of yard water, the faery would be hit and the ordinary wealthiness thrown and twisted into anarchy. Thousands of Englishmen would die in the hostility That was what unbroken me swimming. It wasnt unspoilt the deportment of an old noblewoman with a crown. It was for all of us (Trease 201-202). self-sacrifice is the attri preciselye that portrays heroes and depart heroes to put others in the beginning themselves. This commendation visualised that slam is non narc issistic because he knew numerous lives were at adventure and that he could not give up for the sake of those lives. putz march on his fireside volitionally to value his family, friends, and neighbours from Sir Philip Morton. This do him brave and not self-seeking because he was risking his own intent, scarcely at the uniform min he was defend the lives of others whom which he lots for. later on on, instrument grew to c be for his go with fit out.I was in moderate for the moment. Id corroborate apt(p) a lot for kit ups company, but I knew I wasnt reassert in fetching her. (Trease, 179). jibe opinionated not to allow kit go with him to front for turkey cock in the pare down column. This was an grammatical case of his heroic and non selfish traits because he did not exigency to put turnouts life in danger. Furthermore, shaft of light showed he was selfless when the Queen asked him what he treasured in harvest for having saved her life.I looke d at her. What did I take awayiness? We give birth neer desire wealth or honors-your true solon ordain not take fifty-fifty a knighthood Your Majesty, I said, there are some common which adopt been ours and our neighbors from while immemorial. Sir Philip take them and wrap them for himself. go forth you mitt them game to us and back us in self-command of them perpetuallymore? (Trease, 281) eve when scratch was condition the surmisal of having anyaffair he desired, pecker pass a long for the return of the set ashore that Sir Philip Morton took away from his friends and family. This envisioned heroism and selflessness because slit was pattern process of his familiarity and bespeak for the one thing that would take in his totally community.Heroes need endurance to panorama the challenges that awaits them. shit displays his spirited trait when he decides to set off Cumberland by himself. I knew I couldnt affiliation torture. If the legality allow them do that, even off a teensy-weensy of it, I slam I should blunder out the call of both man and male child whod been there that night. (Trease, 30). This demonstrates shits fearlessness because he knew that he had to leave to protect those he cared for. another(prenominal) example of him being audacious was when he clear-cut to enter the denude tower without Kits company. tom had once told us that, if anything ever happened to him, we were to go to the nigh sheriff or magistrate and get him to invest forge besides the present channel capacity be so pressing that this wouldnt be equal Could we drop to post as yet and do nought for so long? (Trease, 180) cock thought about whether or not to total tom turkeys order. This showed diaphysiss heroic qualities to luster because he had wonder for higher(prenominal) authority, but he knew he had to not hail the book of instructions since lives were at stake.In my opinion nib Brownrigg is the most heroic charac ter in move for Treason. His persistent reputation helped him to melt down the challenges of his journeys. Furthermore, he was not selfless for the pleasure and sanctuary of his family and friends. Lastly, he was venturesome fair to middling to manage equivocal actions. A hero is an soul distinguished for their prodigious abilities and accomplishments.

Andrew Carnegie

The following stem discusses the biography of Andrew Carnegie, an entrepreneur and founder of the American steel Industry, his vitality, the study influences and significance of his hunt and the impact of his life on others.Andrew Carnegie helped realize the formidable American steel industry and then change his steel headache and systematically gave his imperturbable fortune apart to cultural, educational and scientific institutions for the improvement of mankind. This report examines the way in which Carnegie, who was wizard of the first gear industrialists to use scientists to enquiry his own business, came to be the wealthiest man of his meter, in the world.During his final years, Carnegie spend most of his condemnation in endeavors to conjure up world peace. He built twain the Pan American Union build in chapiter D.C. and the Hague Peace Palace, in the Netherlands to support global peace.The outbreak of innovation War I was devastating to him, and he died Au gust 11, 1919 in Lenox, Massachusetts. By the time he died, Carnegie had pr cardinal away $350,695,653 and had disposed(p) another $30,000,000 to foundations, pensions and charities. Andrew Carnegie is considered one of the greatest philanthropists in the world and one of the wealthiest men who ever lived (http//www.carnegie.lib.oh.us/andrewcarnegie.htm).

Current U.S Policy towards Libya Research Paper

Current U.S Policy towards Libya - Research Paper ExampleI am prompted to write your pricy office to recommend that our government should take a direct participation in Libya because I am concerned with the recent political development in Libya particularly the unclear circumstances that led to the death of the dictator Muammar Ghaddafi and NTCs handling of its political prisoners that has been reported as being abused (CBS News, November 29, 2011). I reckon that if the US government will take a proactive role in Libya, it will prevent the dissolution of its political gains that was earned by the revolution against the tyranny of Muammars government. I believe that it is totally with US government direct participation that will ensure that Libya will follow the democratic serve well of justice and ensure its smooth transition into a real democracy. III. Argument why the official should act as you suggest. This should also have several move - a) sketch the public problem, as you see it The newly founded government of Libya is still very young and still carries the vestiges of the old regime. Being such, it is prone to excess with a predilection towards summary execution as a way of meting justice. This was clearly demonstrated with the unclear circumstances of Muammar Ghaddafis death where he was captured alive and was later(prenominal) reported dead alleging that he was caught in the cross fire (El Gamal). Many of us are not convinced. Given the political culture of Libya, we both retire that there was a big probability that he was executed. Such, the US government must act so that similar acts or incidents would not excrete again. As what we have seen, Libyas newly installed government is lukewarm in investigating the circumstances of his death if indeed he was caught in the cross fire or summarily executed. It would be better to take a preventive step than to react to an incident that has already happened. The recent development of prisoner abuse is already beginning to surface. With the less open political environment of Libya, I suspect that there are more abuses than what is actually reported. Already, UN had reported that Libyas new leadership acknowledged that prisoners are being abused (Associated Press November 29, 2011). If these abuses will continue, I am anxious that Libya will lose its political gains if it will degenerate and drop away back to its former dictatorial nature of carrying out justice. In effect, nothing changed but only those who are in power. To keep Libyas political gains, it has to have a steady course towards democracy and proper implementation of justice. For Libya to achieve this, it is imperative that the United States government should be directly involved in lay up the justice system of Libya and its government. b) describe the inadequacy of the actions taken on it to date The United States government must learn from history, particularly the lessons taught by the induce of Iraq when the U S government left after it liberated the country from Saddam Hussein. Iraq disintegrated and fell into chaos without a clear government (Rashidian). We should not let this happen to Libya. Libya have started a revolution and able to win it under the slogan of freedom and democracy. But we have to understand that this was a close country that only had a bare idea of what democratic process and justice

Competition Law in the European Union and the United Kingdom Essay - 10

Competition Law in the European Union and the United Kingdom - screen ExampleKingdom laws that relate to the infringement of competition laws by some of the worlds biggest oil companies including BP Plc, Statoil ASA, and Royal Dutch Shell. More emphasis is conferred upon the applicable facts and legal principles regarding competition law. The Competition law was formulated with the intention of safeguarding consumer and state interests from unfair business practices by firms in Great Britain. (Prosser 2005) This was necessitated by the threat pose by unscrupulous collusions aimed at maximizing market shares and revenues by individual firms that may lead to boated price levels or supply of inferior quality goods and services. For instance, an maturation in the price of crude oil by your company will directly lead to increased costs of production, transport, energy and consumer products and services in mark to cater for additional overhead costs. The United Kingdom had its maiden law against unfair Competition in 1998.It was subjected to further adjustments later on in first step Act of 2002 to incorporate new ideas and discard contentious clauses. The formation of the European Commission, the present-day European Union, which sought to cater for interests of member countries also made vast contributions to the ongoing protective policy changes among member states. Under its social and economic pillar, it fashioned the Competition law which later on gained prominence becoming disjoint of The treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Britain joined the European Union and consequently adopted the statute on Competition which as stated to a higher place was applicable to all the member states. This combined with the Competition Act 1998 and the Enterprise Act 2002 governs the conduct of businesses within the United Kingdom. The articles 101 and 102 provide the policy guidelines for the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union whereas chapters I and II outline the provisions of the Competition Act 1998 and the Enterprise Act 2002.

Personal Exploration of Knowledge Paper-epistemological analysis Assignment

Personal Exploration of Knowledge Paper-epistemological analysis - Assignment instanceThis paper discusses various types of cognition such as cognition how, for instance how to drive experience that, which is also known as propositional cognition, such as lettered that P is P and knowledge by acquaintance, which is knowing a person or a place. Epistemology is mainly concerned with propositional knowledge. When trying to analyze knowledge, epistemologists often come across between a priori and a posteriori forms of knowledge. A priori form of knowledge that is independently known that is it does not come from ones experience or senses. This type of knowledge is acquired from outsets foreign experience such as reason and is usually arrived at beforehand. On the other hand, a posteriori knowledge refers to the type of knowledge that is acquired from experience. It is also known as empirical knowledge and is not known before hand from ones previous experiences. Most of the scientif ic knowledge is empirical in nature as it is found on previous experiences. Here are various sources of knowledge identified by philosophers. According to Feldman, a renowned philosopher, there are five study types of knowledge, which include learning, memory, expert testimony, introspection, and reasoning. (Feldman, 2003). Perception refers to the type of knowledge derived from ones senses. It is based on ones sensual perceptions and on the view that the primary source of knowledge is ones experience. Perception is also referred to as empiricism. Reason is the other source of knowledge. His type of knowledge is acquired a priori, that is outside the realm of senses. This source of knowledge is based on pure reason where truths are deduced based on existing knowledge, for instance mathematical truths. The opinion that reason is the primary source of knowledge is often referred to as rationalism. Introspection has also been widely acknowledged as a major source of knowledge among philosophers. This type of knowledge is acquired through ain internal self evaluation (Feldman, 2003). Through introspection, one can know that they are tired of hungry for instance. Some philosophers recognize the similarities between introspection and perception but have widely accepted it as an independent source of knowledge. The other source of knowledge is memory. This refers to knowledge acquired from information stored in ones brain based on knowledge previously learnt either from current information of past events. Testimony on the other hand is a source of knowledge acquired through communication we get from others (Cooper, 1999). Some philosophers have raised concern about testimony as a source of credible knowledge and have proposed that knowledge derived this way must be verifiable in order for it to be trusted and believed as knowledge. All these sources of knowledge have gained ache throughout epistemology and philosophy in general. However some

The Economy, Monetary Policy, and Monopolies Essay - 3

The Economy, Monetary Policy, and Monopolies - Essay Exampleming more expensive, the dampening of consumer demand for loan products such as mortgages as well as alter the prices of residential real estate negatively. The rise in interest rates in the last five years can be attributed to the fall or rise of the money in circulation which has been common in the United States in the recent years. Increases rates have, in turn, led to inflation in the economy (OSullivan, Sheffrin and Prerez, 82). feeling at the United States economic situation in the last five years in terms of inflation, interest rate and employment, questions have to be raise on what has been referred as the greatest economy. In the last five years, the interest rates in the USA have gone so pitiful and this can be seen in the spike of the houses on sale. This condition has led to federal budget balance weakening to an extent that has never been witnessed for decades. This implies that the economy of the area is co mpletely off track. The rate of unemployment has rises from 4.5 % in 2007 and is now at 8.1 % (OSullivan, Sheffrin and Prerez, 78). High employment rates is one of the major indicators of how any economy is fairing and with the number of raft actively looking for jobs increasing in the United States, the economy can be viewed as attenuating. This means that even businesses have lost the confidence of hiring employees again.In an effort to create more employment opportunities, the federal government permitted rapid credit expansion. This led to the central bank to adjust its monitory policy pastime increased inflation at that time. This effort slowed the money supply growth thus reckoning on the unemployment levels. The other step by the federal government to check on unemployment rates was through the introduction of a fiscal policy that was intended to stabilize the economy (Beardon, 18). The policy achieved this through cutting down on taxes as well as increasing spending. The policy also impacted the interest rates and the

Teaching and Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Teaching and Learning - Essay ExampleIn this respect, the holistic learning models are more well-rounded learning models, which recognizes that learning is not enough and cannot be effective, when it entails teaching only the mind (Conlan, Grabowski & Smith, 2003). The holistic learning models recognizes that the automobile trunk, the spirit and the emotions play a vital mapping in determining the learning process of an individual, through playing the facilitative role of creating a favorable and enabling learning environment that connects the mind, the body and the emotions (Stewart, 2001).On the other hand, when the emotions and the spirit are ignored in the learning process, leaving only the body as the study learning component, these factors will influence the body negatively and gum olibanum hinder the mind from concentration and understanding, which are the two essential components of effective learning (Kilgore, 2001). Thus, under the holistic learning models, the maneuv er linguistic rule for effective learning has always been the philosophy that if learners enjoy the learning and likes the complementary activities that are associated with the learning, they are likely to pay more attention to the learning process, and then learn and understand better (Conlan, Grabowski & Smith, 2003). Further, the holistic learning models philosophy holds that if learners are motivated, they will work harder and better, which will give more positive results. Finally, the principle guiding the holistic learning models is the fact that, if learners can encode the information learnt more easily, they will be in a better position to recall it easily, and thus will be able to learn and understand better (Knowles, wanson & Holton, 2011).Therefore, to achieve the above three philosophies of effective learning, the holistic learning models has established six major factors that are essential for

Horrible and Strange Practice Under the Context of Our Modern Culture Essay

Horrible and Strange Practice Under the Context of Our Modern Culture - Essay ExampleInitially, it would seem that suttee is much(prenominal) a horrible and strange practice if perceived under the context of our modern culture. However, the essence of this act bears such a close resemblance to our testify values, particularly those pertaining to the level of love and piety of husbands and wives. Both cultures acknowledge the sacred union and celebrate the special bonding of couples. As mentioned, those people believe that suttee purged a couple of all accumulated sins, warranted salvation and guaranteed an afterlife reunion. In our modern culture, people believe that husbands and wives should work together to achieve their familial goals as healthy as enrich their spirituality. It is in this way that values of the modern and archaic cultures converge. It is in the Til-Death-Do-Us-Part concept that the two cultures differ. We believe that couples, those who enter into marriage at l east, should last out together in sickness and in health, for richer or poorer. However, in the event that one of them dies, the marriage ties are severed. This means the church and the state grant the another(prenominal) the freedom to marry again. On the contrary, selected Hindu cultures practising suttee deem that the union of a husband and a wife does not end in death (of the man) and goes beyond the present life. This stems from the Hindu belief of the after-life. On the given scale, I believe that I fall on 3. I think that diversity of cultures should be respected. battalion should show consideration for the culture and customs of others. This is tantamount to upholding their inherent right as a people to practice their customs and nourish their culture no matter how different these are from our own.

Employers Duty of Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employers Duty of Care - Essay ExampleFrom this study it is clear that Jakes actions are actually within his range of employment. According to Damewood, the duties and responsibilities of an auto bring out service manager is normally focused on satisfying the customers through correctly determining the problems with their vehicles and repairing them in a timely and cost-effective manner. Although Herman determine that he should just focus on providing the free change oil service, the extra service provided by Jake ensures that the customers would be satisfied with his work. Further, any additional be needed from checking the basics the brakes, tires and transmission would be revenue for the shop. Jake could likewise just focus on the free change oil service, as advertised and discuss by Herman. According to the paper Jake could seek the car owners permission to provide the basic checking services for extra charge that would provide revenue for the shop and would non necessarily cause unnecessary work slowdown for those car owners who opted not to avail of these extra services. In so doing, Jake would still be complying with the duties expected from his scope of employment and still adhere to the priorities set by Herman, his manager. As employer, Herman is responsible for Jakes injury primarily since the injury was uphold while doing the responsibilities expected of him in the service department. According to U.S. Department of Labors Occupational Safety and Health Administration, employers are responsible for providing a safe and healthful workplace. The injuries sustained by Jake form part of OSHAs regulations that cover autobody repair and refinishing where injuries that were identified include being struck by an object, struck against an object, and caught in an object,

Media literacy should be taught to boys ages 6-12 to understand the Essay

Media literacy should be taught to boys ages 6-12 to understand the dangers of professional grappling - Essay ExampleSince in that respect is no filter available that can discriminate what content suits what age bracket, therefore the impacts can be quite adverse. Media literacy education is very(prenominal) essential because it lead help children to discriminate the content on their own and would eventually help them to choose what is feasible for them. The age bracket from six to twelve years is very fragile where a child adapts a lot thus it is very important to assist them and provide them with the basic knowledge so that they do not implement what they see. Thus it is very important to inculcate media literacy amongst young children so that they understand the adverse impacts of professional Wrestling.By its very nature, professional grappling hook promotes poweras a reason to watch. With all thebrutality in this worldZillmann and Bryant (1994) argued that audiences, especia llychildren, seek out arousing entertainment to relieve boredom. (Oppliger, 2004) Firstly professional wrestling has evolved tremendously since it has been given the criteria of a sport. This sport has another very important side to it, which is the entertainment factor it provides. When young children gift access to wrestling they not only get enthralled by the entertainment factor but also the stunts done leave a very profound impact on their mind. They develop this wrong approach that they can practice the same stunts at home, school day or other places. They do not realize that the stunts performed there argon under strict supervision and are a result of intense practice. Without any supervision or practice the young children involve in wrestling activities which can result in serious injuries and ill-use to health. When children are not educated about the adverse impacts associated with wrestling they will not only damage themselves but others as well. Furthermore it needs t o be realized here that children adapt whatever they see. Hence it is very important to educate them about wrestling so that they do not implement what they see. Secondly another issue that can arise if young children have access to professional wrestling is that they envision to use scurrilous language. any greater degree of violence than is occasioned by blows,wrestling, and pulling of the hair and theirabusive language. (Rees, 1905) These matches it has been observed that the wrestlers tend to use such abusive terms which are not suitable for the young minds. Many a times it has been seen that children use the language they learn from these wrestling at home school etc. and when they are asked from where they learned such language they usually blame wrestling. Children who are belonging to the age bracket of six to ten are at a stage of developing. Their reflexes are becoming sharper and their cognition is developing. During this phase if they start to learn such abusive languag e that will always have a very drastic impact on their overall upbringing. These words are then used at various instances reflecting their learning from these wrestling programs. talking to is very important when it comes to young children and if they do continue to watch such programs which promote abusive language then the impacts can be quite adverse. thirdly another major danger that can damage the young minds is the propagation of vulgarity, profanity and female adolescence.These shows have become an emblem of vulgarity. Young children

Engineering Materials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Engineering Materials - Essay ExampleThe major ca substance abuse of McKinleys stamp being corrected could be derived from their negligence to use the revised form. This negligence caused irregularity and that caused the surgical incision of agriculture to reject their volunteer. On appealing against the rejection of their bid, the panel of appeal also threw out the appeal because they were not positive(predicate) if McKinley had indeed committed to the exact terms of the addendum sent to it by the department of agriculture.In my opinion, I will describe McKinley as being absorbed and say that the department of agriculture was right in throwing out McKinleys bid, as it is indeed irregular. The panel that heard the appeal filed by McKinley was also right to reject the case brought before it by McKinley. Irregularity in bid documents cause problems for the party that receives the bid as the commitment of the bidding party to the terms of the bid cannot be determined, and this can lead to complicated litigations. That is why bid irregularity in my opinion should not be waivedFor not using the new bid form sent to it in the addendum, McKinley only showed they did not commit to the bid and thus no beget exists among them. It is known that basic elements of a contract continue, acceptance and consideration have to be present for their to be a valid -contract between McKinley construction and the federal department of agriculture.In this case, McKinley made an offer that appealed to the department of agriculture. The department of agriculture signified their appeal to the offer and sent and addendum with a new bid form that will allow the department to consider the offer. Rather than confirm its offer with the new form, McKinley submitted the old form, which meant they did not accept the new offer as presented by the department of agriculture. This means in that location could not be any consideration, thus acceptance could not be made of any of the offers an d counter-offers and so there is no valid contract between McKinley construction and the department of agriculture.The department of agriculture if satisfied with the bid as submitted by McKinley should have asked for McKinley to use the appropriate form to submit its bid. While McKinley on its part should have gone to the ministry to correct the error (if it was an error) of using the old bid form rather than the new one sent to the department of agriculture.What we argon saying is that the department of agriculture should have checked on McKinley to make sure they were not making a mistake submitting the old form and impinge on that they correct the mistake. McKinley should have also complained of an error and that the use of the ild form was a mistake. To avoid this kind of incident in the future, lawyers should be engaged by companies submitting bids to look at their bid materials and ensure that all conditions for

Market Model Patterns of Change (Apple) Assignment

Market Model Patterns of Change (Apple) - Assignment ExampleThe company issued a statement describing Apple demand for a 30 percent cut of the 20 percent it gets from each sale as economically untenable, adding that it would be collaborating with our commercialise peers in determining an appropriate legal and business response to this latest development.The point is, Apple is no longer the no-hoper it was during the Mac-vs.-Windows wars of the 80s and 90s.In fact, in many markets -- particularly those back up by the iTunes/iOS ecosystem -- Apple is more powerful than Microsoft ever was since it controls the hardware, the OS, the online store, and the terms by which third parties can do business in its space.Apple, in turn, might desexualise the market to comprise all digital and print media and counter that any issuer non happy with Apple terms is free to still reach its customers finished and through much other print and digital outlets.IOS applications cannot be distributed an ywhere other than the Application Store. Mac applications can be bought via the Application Store or online or in a store. Ever wonder if maybe this is a good idea? Look at what is happening with Windows viruses they get installed on your computer through the internet in a shady manner. While we have gotten used to having and living with this risk on a PC, I absolutely do not want someone or their software to take over my cell phone (directing me to the wrong place on a map, work 911 on its own, calling some guy in Kazakhstan, sending text messages, tracking me in real time, sending e-mails to my boss and taking all my stored passwords) What a fantastic position it could be while it roams around with you, seeing different access points and other users on the network at Starbucks or your college campus or even simply on the carriers data network.

Effects of Clear Vision on Organizational Performance Research Paper

Effects of Clear Vision on Organizational Performance - Research Paper Example coif out piddle objectives that litely define the spot and function of each individual employee, collective departments, and the future vision for the organization. Employees need to know that what they are doing has measure in the overall scheme of things. A clearly defined vision can definitely go a long way towards making that happen, tether to increased staff morale and a purpose and direction in work related endeavors. As this study reflects, it behooves the modern organization to make certain the any such vision is clearly communicated to all stakeholders, and that everyone is one the same page moving forward.Vision is essential to the success of a business. Without vision, there is no direction. With no direction, there is little sense of where an organization is heading, and even less of an idea as to how it is going to get there. Setting forth a clear vision enables members of an organizatio n to understand what their individuals and collective roles are, and it time a clear vision statement will pay dividends in terms of enhance organisational performance. Even given these indicators, however, it is a bit shocking to discover how many organizations lack this sense of clear vision. Few, it seems, take the time to set out clear objectives and performance targets for all to see. This sense of top down leadership might have executives understanding where they want the organization to go, but the very people charged with the task of actually getting it there are all too often left in the dark. With this reality in mind, it is important to study the role that a clear vision has on the performance of an organization in todays increasingly global and competitive marketplace.The purpose of this study is to work the relationship between a clearly established vision statement and the overall performance level of an organization. This will be primarily accomplished by looking at real life examples of companies with and without clear vision, and how

Product Assessment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Product Assessment - Research Paper ExampleThe research paper describes how the usage of landline is endangered by the wile of new technology. The best foreign country where the telephone manufacturers of regular army should market their products is in Ethiopia, Africa. The marketing strategies to target and position the products ar also elaborated in the paper. 1. Landline Usage in USA During the 20th century, landline has been the only source of converse in USA. More or less every domicile had the access to landline for their communicating purpose with the outside world. There pee-pee been times when a particular village in USA used to have only one phone and that phone has been their only source of communication with the outside world. Landline not only served as the only mode of communication for the people of USA at that time but it also acted as a savior in time of emergencies. The target market of landline in the 20th century was the upper class people who could afford t he costly rental connections. Landline connection was not at all cheap for the reject income group. But with the advent of wireless phones and the Voice Over internet Protocol (VoIP), the use of landline is slowly becoming obsolete. The people of USA are at a time attracted towards the usage of mobile phones and they also prefer the usage of internet for communicating with their near ones, friends and others (Shimp 322). 2. Declining use of landline in USA The National health interrogate Survey (NHIS) has identified that in June 2010 one of every four American homes has access to wireless telephones and they relied on its services. About 24.9% of the adults in households of USA have derelict the use landline and is using carrel phones. 29% of the children in households are also using cell phones and thus in USA the need for landlines are becoming obsolete (Blumberg Wireless Substitution Early Release of Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey 2010). In USA the subs cription to wireless connections has risen from 33.8 trillion in 1995 to 322.9 million in June 2011 (American Community Survey). The reason behind this rising number of cell phone users are due to its lark that it can be carried to both place. Cell phone has the advantage of communicating with anybody at any point of time. The texting option has also become popular among the youths of USA, which has on the whole removed the use of landline by the youth. (US Wireless Industry) Another reason for landline becoming obsolete is the injection of 3G in the USA market. 3G Internet connections have made it possible for the mass to communicate with their close ones more conveniently through video chat. It has been seen that USA has the most unique subscribers of 3G than any countries (Submissions Accepted for MobileCON 2013 Best Mobile IT Solutions of the Year). About 32.9 % of the people living in poverty have also been using wireless telephones of cell phones. This shows the popularity of cell phones among all classes of people in USA. This also implies that cell phone connections are quite affordable (Blumberg Wireless Substitution Early Release of Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey 2010). It has been said for color television it took 21 years to reach every house of the

Democracy in the Final Quarter of the 20th Century in Latin America Essay

Democracy in the Final Quarter of the 20th coulomb in Latin the States - Essay ExampleThe Latin American region also meant that the struggle was intense and largely supported by the US in an attempt to buttress its hegemony in the region (Bethell, 2009).The seventies saw the emergence of leftist ideas in Latin American nations. The political-military elite of these nations saw the emission of leftist ideas as a threat to the already established systems of governance. In order to protect their nations from leftist ideology, the ruling elite turned to more imperious forms of government such as military dictatorships. The example of Chile, Argentina, Venezuela and many other Latin American countries supports this idea. These regimes often employed brute tactics to weed expose the leftist factions and to avoid an armed struggle against the central governments. Harrowing tales of murder, political assassinations, rape, plundering, confiscation of property and the like are rampant in L atin America at the time. Chiles dictator Auguste Pinochet, for example, is famous for the blatant elimination of his political opponents without any trials. The struggle in Nicaragua that put the Sandinista regime in posture was marked with blood and violence to fortify the seat of power. These actions on the part of these regimes infused a spirit of freedom from oppression in the masses in these nations (Skidmore & Smith, 2005). It is, therefore, no surprise that there were myriad leftist armed struggles in Latin America that were calling for regime change by the final quarter of the twentieth century.The entanglement of these military regimes in armed struggles also meant that the saving had to pay a heavy price. In certain other cases such as Argentina, the economy turned to shambles due to nepotism, mismanagement and usurpation of reality resources (Stein & Hunt, 2007). It was common practice for military regimes to take onto armed adventures in order to divert public attenti on from the state of the economy. For example, the Argentinean military regime was made famous by itsmyopic decision to invade the Falklands that exposed the Argentinean militarys weakness against a formidable British military.

Structure and Agency in Revolutionary Theory Essay

Structure and Agency in Revolutionary Theory - Essay ExampleThe enlighten of culture and agency is based on the premise that repeated conditioning of individuals through their culture patterns human doings. Agency forwards the notion that human behaviour is determined by free will that charts the way for independent action and free will in making choices. Revolutions are occurrences in governance that resolution to a change in leadership, which is achieved through various means. Numerous schools of thought have been forwarded in an attempt to explain and the down the stairsstanding of the making and the instigators of revolutions. This paper seeks to highlight the debate between structural theorists and the culture and agency school to the 1906 constitutional revolution in Iran.The 1906 constitutional revolution in Iran was instigated by the Shahs extravagance, which light-emitting diode to the exploitation and destruction of the nations economy (Poulson 104). Teheran was the sea t of Persian power and majority of the population was composed of merchants, noble classes, religious politics and the educated elite who felt and understood the consequences of the Shahs extravagance (Poulson 106). They were the main instigators of the revolution that called for the removal of the chancellor who was to blame for the dire economic situation. After the removal of the chancellor the Shah did not change his extravagant ways and the same group campaigned and advocated for the establishment of an institution would rule by law instead of royal and abroad influence. In the context of this discussion, the 1906 revolution in Iran can be viewed from both perspectives that are presented by structural theorists and the culture and agency school of thought. This is because according to Skocpol, on that point are always structural forces that underlie the uprising of a revolution. Persia was facing an economic meltdown under the leadership of the Shah, which means the societa l structure was under threat (Geels 32). This is in the

The problem of minority prisoners Essay Example for Free

The problem of nonage prisoners EssayThe problem of minority prisoners has been high on agenda for near(prenominal) decades already. In this paper I result focus my attention on possible measures and remedies aimed at establishing bridges of understanding mingled with minority prisoners and corrections. I shake up critically examined a significant number of authoritative sources regarding the issue and Im going to evaluate the problems that exist in current situation with minority representatives in prison and advocate for the necessary policy change.I shall note with regret that escalating tension between minority prisoners and the personnel is jeopardizing the rehabilitation of the convicts. This problem is a great deal but inadequately addressed by prison authorities. Let me bring some examples. In Pakistan, according to Shehar Bano Khans member authorize trial by ordeal of nonage Prisoners, Christian prisoners suffered from the bitter ordeal of secernment, and the prison authorities unbridled highhandedness and discriminatory behaviour has become a major personal rubber concern (www.dawn.com/2004/08/29/nat16.htm)I want to start enlisting methods of building bridges of understanding between minority prisoners and corrections by quoting the message of the frugal Prison attend toThe Prison Service is absolutely committed to ensuring run for par and delivery of good head for the hills relations in all aspects of our body of work. We entrust ensure that race issues are addressed in all parts of our business and promote race equality as a core regular and essential ingredient for running a successful prison. (www.sps.gov.uk/ lieu/reqs.pdf) every Party Parliamentary mathematical group for Further Education and Lifelong Learning in the report on prison education came to the following conclusion swarthy and pagan minority prisoners may moderate different learning needs and some requirement for different sites and modes of learning. For e xample there is a need for more culturally sensitive programmes for such prisoners prisoners whose freshman language is not English will need different learning programmes.(http//www.natfhe.org.uk/says/pubsfued.html)This should be a very serious concern in the prisons worldwide this principle should be applied to any interaction between the staff and minority prisoners, let alone the educational process. The staff of the prison should always keep in mind that prisoners from different racial and ethnic background may require using different interaction mildews.All the minority prisoners must have access to quality interpretation services this is the first step to build the bridges of understanding in a literal sense. This may sound unrealistic for the moment but prison personnel should work towards the completion of this important goal.Keeping in mind, that minority prisoners may be vulnerable and sensitive about some issues, it would be of great use organizing a special training session for prison staff concerning cultural and religious practices of minority prisoners serving their sentence in a specific institution.The report entitled Implementing Race Equality in Prisons advices to ensure stiff training incorporating race equality issuesis developed and delivered to employees and contracted staff on the basis of learning need. (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf)Basically, the caput of religion is a separate topic. The prison personnel should be very attentive to this issue since religious disrespect may cause tension and confrontation. For centuries prisoners have been strip downd of their right to religious practices because it was perceived as an effective way to demoralize them. Lets remember the controversy over the religious discrimination of the prisoners in Guantanamo.Shehar Bano Khans article also informs that in Pakistan, discriminatory treatment of Christians and other minorities has become a regular feature with janitorial work depute to the Christians only and with no preacher for them. (www.dawn.com/2004/08/29/nat16.htm)The prison personnel should ensure that every minority prisoners has an opportunity and facilities to practice his/her religion spiritual literature should be supplied if necessary. The guard shouldnt subject the convicts to discrimination due to their religious beliefs. The Race Equality Scheme being implemented by Scottish Prison Service states the sameMembers of all religious groups have the same right to practice their faith. Arrangements should be made to give each group the same opportunities to do so. (www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdf)Theres much debate over the question of the religious practices in prisons. Its widely recognized that although prisoners retain the right to free drill of religion, incarceration points some serviceable limits on this right, as Mara Schneider informs in the article entitled Splitting Hairs why Courts Uphold Prison Grooming Policies and Why They Should Not. ( lolly Journal of Race Law 2004)Therefore, the prison personnel should ensure religious freedom unless its incompatible with safety concerns.The article by Jennifer Vogel entitled discolour Guard, scurrilous Guard Racism in Washington Continues informs that more than one third of the more than 14,000 state prison prisoners are of minority descent. In the article the issue of violence against minority workers and prisoners is scrutinize. The author proposes a highly efficient measure to establish fair treatment of minority prisoners. She especially stresses the fact that trance 23 percent of prisoners are black, only 6 percent of DOC employees are black. (www.prisonlegalnews.org/ban.htm)Employing guards from minority background will provide a positive model of non-discrimination. Still, careful workplace control should be initiated. The offences of minority guards are reported and such practices lead to violence towards minority prisoners. This caused, according to Vogels artic le, a fright atmosphere where white guards refer to blacks as coons and worse where minority prisoners are targeted for beatings where black guards receive threats(www.prisonlegalnews.org/ban.htm)We live in multiethnic societies. Until there is no equality and fair representation of minorities in staff we cant speak of establishing efficient communication between the prisoners and the guards.The report entitled Implementing Race Equality advices to adjoin the proportion of staff from minority ethnic groups to achieve a representative workforce (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf)The statistical report entitled Ethnic Minorities Crime and Criminal rightness states the followingEthnic minorities are under-represented in the police, prison service, lay magistracy and at senior levels in all criminal justice agencies.(http//www.rouncefield.homestead.com/files/a_soc_dev_35.htm)The guards should never deprive prisoners of the use of any prison facilities. The Scottish Prison Serv ice recommends the followingThe range of facilities provided and opportunities offered to staff and prisoners, including jobs, should be responsive to the needs of ethnic and racial groups. All staff and prisoners should have equal access to those facilities and opportunities. (www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdf)The report entitled Implementing Race Equality in Prisons also supports this view by stating that the following should be proposed to all the prisoners on the equal basisFacility licences enable eligible prisoners the chance to participate in training, employment, educational and community service or for semiofficial purposes such as attending civil court proceedings.(www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf)We must admit that the most efficient way of protecting minority prisoners right is launching a formal complaint. Numerous court cases were initiated on this issue. Therefore I would suggest informing both the prisoners and the guards about non-discrimination legal acts and p olicies as well as practical methods of protecting their rights. All the necessary support should be provided to the prisoners who want to defend their right.Kimmett Edgar and Carol Martin interviewed the ethic minority representatives in the local prisons. Herere their findings32% said they had not experienced anything that warranted a complaint36% of those who had experienced discrimination said that they had complained.The reasons for not complaining included that the prisoners were frightened of reprisals from staff if they did complain, or believed it would be futile to complain, or they did not know how to complain. (www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/rdsolr1104.pdf)Ensuring transparency and efficiency of the complaint system should be the primary concern of the prison personnel.An article reviewing The Black and Asiatic Prisoner s Guidebook and the Law attracts our attention to the fact that the basic rights of every person should be always respectedThe Civil and benignant Rig hts of ethnic minority prisoners systematically apply by colour, race, nationality, ethnic or national origin, religion and religious beliefs.(http//www.blink.org.uk/pdescription.asp?key=1095grp=16)Legal assist Available to Minority Prisoners in Delaware, the most comprehensive study of possible models of legal assistance, points out a series of problems preventing the prisoners from minority background from receiving qualified legal protection. This list includes despicable interpretation services, shortage of paralegal help, shortage of the advocates speaking the languages of ethnic minorities as well as shortage of public defenders and judges. The prison personnel should help the prisoners to pommel all this barriers and to obtained necessary legal help.The report entitled Implementing Race Equality in Prisons stresses the importance of proper supervise and surveying. This should include 1. Prisoner Ethnic monitor data outcomes, 2. Race Relations Management Audit score, 3. Su bstantiated/unsubstantiated racial incidents (prisoners/visitors), 4. Prisoner survey outcomes,5. Visitor survey outcomes. The report also proposes to develop effective systems at national and establishment level to monitor progress on race equality ensuring compliance withthe legislationand taking remedial action to address difficulties. (www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdf)Laura may in her article entitled Action Needed over Race Relations at Jail, Report Finds states the followingBlack and ethnic minority inmates in a prison believe they have been marginalised but inspectors could find no evidence of direct discrimination (http//news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=1979788)Proper monitoring should be in place to prevent such common situations.Scottish Prison Service in the annual 2004 report indicated several important initiatives aimed at building bridges between minority prisoners and guards and establishing racial equality.From my point of view, the most interesting of them w ere development of closer links with a number of external organisations in the promotion and development of race equality within our Service, the introduction of a foreign language book rental scheme for prisoners, the continued development of our Race Relations Complaints system and monitoring from our national Race Relations Liaison Monitoring Group, as well as the development of Dietary Guidance in relation to ethnic minority catering throughout the estate. (http//www.sps.gov.uk/keydocs/race_equality_reports/default.asp)To sum up my paper, I would like to stress once more the importance of building bridges of understanding between the minority prisoners and corrections. The rights of the prisoners and non-discrimination should be the key principles in providing proper treatment of minority representatives.There is a variety of measures aimed at ensuring equality in prisons ranging from staff training to monitoring. alone I would like to stress that all these measures would work only if applied consistently and simultaneously.ReferencesNATFHE Prison Education Submission to the All Party Parliamentary Group for Further Education and Lifelong Learning, June 2004Available http//www.natfhe.org.uk/says/pubsfued.htmlLast Accessed 3 November 2004Shehar Bano Khan, Ordeal of Minority Prisoners, DAWN, 29 August, 2004Available www.dawn.com/2004/08/29/nat16.htmLast Accessed 3 November 2004Jennifer Vogel, White Guard, Black Guard Racism in Washington Continues, May, 1999Available www.prisonlegalnews.org/ban.htmLast Accessed 3 November 2004Mara R. Schneider, Splitting Hairs Why Courts Uphold Prison Grooming Policies and Why They Should Not, Michigan Journal of Race Law, Volume 9, Issue 2, Spring 2004Scottish Prison Service, Race Equality Scheme, 2000Available www.sps.gov.uk/home/reqs.pdfLast Accessed 3 November 2004Kimmett Edgar, Carol Martin, Perceptions of race and conflict perspectives of minority ethnic prisoners and of prison officers, University of OxfordCentre fo r Criminological Research, Home Office Online Report 11/04, 2004Available www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/rdsolr1104.pdfLast Accessed 3 November 2004Legal Assistance Available to Minority Prisoners in Delaware, 1989Available http//www.law.umaryland.edu/edocs/usccr/pdf%20files/Preservation%20Resources%20PDF/cr12as7z.pdfLast Accessed 3 November 2004Commission for Race Equality, HM Prison Service, Implementing Race Equality in Prisons, celestial latitude 2003Available www.cre.gov.uk/pdfs/PrisonsFI_action.pdfLast Accessed 3 November 2004Scottish Prison Service, Race Equality Annual Report, 2004Available http//www.sps.gov.uk/keydocs/race_equality_reports/default.aspLast Accessed 3 November 2004The Ethnic Minority Press, The Black and Asian Prisoner s Guidebook and the Law, A review, 19 August 2002Available http//www.blink.org.uk/pdescription.asp?key=1095grp=16Last Accessed 3 November 2004Ethnic Minorities Crime and Criminal legal expertAvailable http//www.rouncefield.homestead.com/files /a_soc_dev_35.htmLast Accessed 3 November 2004Laura May, Scottman.com, Action Needed over Race Relations at Jail, Report Finds, 25 September 2003Available http//news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=1979788Last Accessed 3 November 2004